Cannabis oil extracts and compositions

ABSTRACT

The present invention provides cannabis oil extracts and compositions thereof, including cannabis oil compositions containing vitamin E, and methods for preparing the extracts and compositions. In some embodiments, the present invention provides a method for preparing a cannabis oil extract comprising eluting cannabinoids from cannabis plant material with a solvent to produce an eluate, filtering the eluate with a filter to produce a filtrate, evaporating the solvent from the filtrate with a distiller to produce a distillate, and purging the distillate under conditions sufficient to remove residual solvent, thereby preparing the extract. In some embodiments, the method further includes mixing a quantity of vitamin E with the extract to produce a cannabis oil composition.

CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is a continuation of U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 16/545,587, Filed Aug. 20, 2019, which is a continuation ofU.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/010,631, filed Jan. 29, 2016 (nowU.S. Pat. No. 10,406,186), which application claims priority to U.S.Provisional Patent Application No. 61/996,993, filed Jan. 31, 2015, andU.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/259,539, filed Nov. 24, 2015,the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference in theirentirety for all purposes.

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

This disclosure relates generally to cannabis oils and cannabis oilformulations, including cannabis oil compositions with vitamin E, andmethods of preparation thereof.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The medicinal use of oils and extracts derived from cannabis plantmaterial has been growing in popularity. For example, pharmacologicallyactive compounds in cannabis plant material including, but not limitedto, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (or THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) havebeen shown to reduce the effects of nausea and vomiting caused bycertain chemotherapy treatments. Research has also shown the ability ofcannabinoids and other compounds found in cannabis to stimulate bonegrowth, relieve pain, aid sleep, inhibit bacterial cell growth, inhibitcancer cell growth, and alleviate or otherwise reduce the symptoms ofcancer, epilepsy, autoimmune disease, neurodegeneration, Alzheimer'sdisease, Lyme disease, post-traumatic stress disorder, and inflammation.Furthermore, extracts of cannabis plant material, whether ingested orinhaled, have also been shown to have therapeutic effects in patientswith glaucoma, dysmenorrhea, migraines, anxiety disorders, or acombination thereof.

However, cannabis oil is often highly viscous, making it difficult towork with and load into new delivery devices such as vaporizers andE-cigarettes. In addition, such oils, when vaporized or smoked, areoften rough on a patient's throat and may induce coughing or gagging.

Therefore, a solution is needed in order to make such extracts moreconducive to today's delivery devices and make theinhalation/consumption of such extracts more palatable for patients. Inaddition, such a solution should also not have an adverse effect on thepotency of the extract's active compounds and preserve the extract'sgustatory or aromatic qualities.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Disclosed herein are cannabis oil extracts and compositions thereof,including cannabis oil compositions containing vitamin E, and methodsfor preparing the extracts and compositions. In particular, a method isdisclosed herein for preparing a cannabis oil extract comprising elutingcannabinoids from cannabis plant material with a solvent to produce aneluate, filtering the eluate with a filter to produce a filtrate,evaporating the solvent from the filtrate with a distiller to produce adistillate, and dehydrating/purging the distillate with a dehydrator orvacuum oven to prepare the extract. In some embodiments, the methodfurther includes mixing a quantity of vitamin E with the extract. Insome embodiments, the quantity of vitamin E is sufficient to reduce theviscosity of the composition to less than about 3500 cP. In someembodiments, the method includes eluting cannabinoids and terpenes fromcannabis plant material to produce the eluate. In some embodiments, themethod further includes mixing the extract with essential oils and/orother ingredients.

In certain aspects, the present invention provides a method forpreparing a cannabis oil extract, the method comprising:

-   -   eluting cannabinoids from cannabis plant material with a solvent        to produce an eluate;    -   filtering the eluate with a filter to produce a filtrate;    -   evaporating the solvent from the filtrate with a distiller to        produce a distillate; and purging the distillate under        conditions sufficient to remove residual solvent, thereby        preparing the extract.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises mixing a quantity ofone or more ingredients selected from the group consisting of vitamin E,an essential oil, an herbal extract, a probiotic, a homeopathic remedy,a flower essence, and a carrier oil with the extract to produce acannabis oil composition.

In particular embodiments, the method further comprises mixing aquantity of vitamin E with the extract to produce a cannabis oilcomposition. In some embodiments, the quantity of vitamin E is at leastabout 30% w/w based on the total weight of the composition. In someembodiments, the quantity of vitamin E is an amount sufficient to reducethe viscosity of the composition to less than about 3500 cP. In someembodiments, mixing the vitamin E with the extract comprises stirringthe vitamin E into the extract until the composition is homogenized. Insome embodiments, the vitamin E comprises a tocopherol, a tocotrienol, asalt thereof, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the vitaminE is obtained from soybeans or sunflowers. As a non-limiting example,the vitamin E can be obtained from non-genetically modified (non-GMO)soybeans or sunflowers. In particular embodiments, the vitamin Eincludes α-tocopherol.

In some embodiments, the cannabis plant material consists essentially ofcannabis buds. In some embodiments, the method further comprisessolarizing the eluate before filtering the eluate. In some embodiments,the solvent is ethanol. In some embodiments, the method furthercomprises freezing the cannabis plant material and the solvent beforeeluting the cannabinoids from the cannabis plant material with thesolvent. In some embodiments, the cannabis plant material is a strainselected from the group consisting of a Cannabis indica strain, aCannabis sativa, a hybrid strain, a high-CBD strain, and a high-THCstrain. In certain instances, the strain is selected from the groupconsisting of AC/DC, Blueberry, Cannatonic, Medihaze, Afghan Goo, andPrize Kush. In some embodiments, the method further comprises purgingthe distillate under conditions sufficient to remove residual solventcomprises dehydrating the distillate with a dehydrator. In certaininstances, dehydrating the distillate includes dehydrating for at leastabout 72 hours.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises heating the distillateto form a decarboxylated distillate. In some instances, the methodfurther comprises purging the decarboxylated distillate under conditionssufficient to remove residual solvent, thereby forming the extract. Inother instances, the method further comprises filtering thedecarboxylated distillate to form a decarboxylated filtrate. In suchinstances, the method can further comprise purging the decarboxylatedfiltrate under conditions to remove residual solvent, thereby formingthe extract.

In other aspects, the present invention provides a cannabis oil extractprepared by the method disclosed herein.

In particular embodiments, the cannabis oil extract is prepared by amethod comprising:

-   -   eluting cannabinoids from cannabis plant material with a solvent        to produce an eluate;    -   filtering the eluate with a filter to produce a filtrate;    -   evaporating the solvent from the filtrate with a distiller to        produce a distillate; and    -   purging the distillate under conditions sufficient to remove        residual solvent, thereby preparing the extract.

In some embodiments, the cannabis oil extract is prepared by a methodthat further comprises mixing a quantity of vitamin E with the extractto produce a cannabis oil composition. In certain instances, thequantity of vitamin E is at least about 30% w/w based on the totalweight of the composition. In other instances, the composition has aviscosity of less than about 3500 cP. The cannabis oil extract may beprepared by a method that includes any additional steps and/orembodiments disclosed herein.

In further aspects, the present invention provides a cannabis oilcomposition comprising a cannabis oil extract and a quantity of vitaminE.

In some embodiments, the quantity of vitamin E is at least about 30% w/wbased on the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, thequantity of vitamin E is an amount sufficient to reduce the viscosity ofthe composition to less than about 3500 cP.

In some embodiments, the composition further comprises one or moreingredients selected from the group consisting of an essential oil, anherbal extract, a probiotic, a homeopathic remedy, a flower essence, acarrier oil, and a combination thereof.

In some embodiments, the extract is prepared from cannabis plantmaterial consisting essentially of cannabis buds. In some embodiments,the extract is prepared from a strain of cannabis plant materialselected from the group consisting of a Cannabis indica strain, aCannabis sativa, a hybrid strain, a high-CBD strain, and a high-THCstrain. In certain instances, the strain is selected from the groupconsisting of AC/DC, Blueberry, Cannatonic, Medihaze, Afghan Goo, andPrize Kush.

The methods and compositions disclosed herein may be implemented in anymeans for achieving various aspects. Other features will be apparentfrom the accompanying drawings and from the detailed description thatfollows.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Exemplary embodiments are illustrated by way of example and are notlimited to the figures of the accompanying drawings, in which, likereferences indicate similar elements.

FIG. 1A shows a method of preparing a cannabis oil composition accordingto one embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 1B shows a method of preparing a cannabis oil composition accordingto an embodiment of the invention including optional decarboxylation andfiltration steps.

FIG. 2 shows a graph depicting the viscosities of cannabis oilcompositions as a function of vitamin E percentages in the cannabis oilcompositions.

FIG. 3 is a graph depicting THC and CBD percentages in cannabis oilcompositions made from various strains of cannabis plant material.

Other features of the present embodiments will be apparent from theaccompanying drawings and from the detailed description that follows.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION I. Definitions

Unless specifically indicated otherwise, all technical and scientificterms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by thoseof ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Inaddition, any method or material similar or equivalent to a method ormaterial described herein can be used in the practice of the presentinvention. For purposes of the present invention, the following termsare defined.

The term “cannabis” refers to plants of the genus cannabis, includingCannabis sativa, Cannabis indica, and Cannabis ruderalis.

The term “cannabis oil” refers to a mixture of compounds obtained fromthe extraction of cannabis plants. Such compounds include, but are notlimited to, cannabinoids, terpenes, terpenoids, and other compoundsfound in the cannabis plant. The exact composition of cannabis oil willdepend on the strain of cannabis that is used for extraction, theefficiency and process of the extraction itself, and any additives thatmight be incorporated to alter the palatability or improveadministration of the cannabis oil.

The term “cannabinoid” refers to a chemical compound that shows director indirect activity at a cannabinoid receptor. There are two maincannabinoid receptors, CNR1 (also known as CB1) and CNR2 (also known asCB2). Other receptors that research indicates have cannabinoid activityinclude the GPR55, GPR18, and TRPV1 receptors. The term“phytocannabinoid” refers to cannabinoids that occur in a plant speciesor are derived from cannabinoids occurring in a plant species. Examplesof cannabinoids include, but are not limited to, tetrahydrocannabinol(THC), cannabidiol (CBD), cannabinol (CBN), cannabigerol (CBG),cannabichromene (CBC), cannabicyclol (CBL), cannabivarin (CBV),tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), cannabidivarin (CBDV), cannabichromevarin(CBCV), cannabigerovarin (CBGV), and cannabigerol monomethyl ether(CBGM).

The term “acidic cannabinoid” refers to a cannabinoid having one or morecarboxylic acid functional groups. Examples of acidic cannabinoidsinclude, but are not limited to, tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA),cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), and cannabichromenic acid (CBC). Acidiccannabinoids are frequently the predominant cannabinoids found in raw(i.e., unprocessed) cannabis plant material.

The term “neutral cannabinoid” refers to a cannabinoid withoutcarboxylic acid functional groups. Examples of neutral cannabinoidsinclude, but are not limited to, THC, CBD, CBG, CBC, and CBN.

The term “degradation” refers to the structural and/or chemicaldeterioration of a substance such as chlorophyll or other plantcomponents. Degradation can include, for example, the alteration ofchemical structure, oxidation state, or metal-binding properties of thesubstance.

The term “eluate” refers to a solution that is collected aftercontacting a plant material, such as raw cannabis plant material, withan extraction solvent. The eluate can contain dissolved cannabinoids aswell as other compounds of medicinal value.

The term “solarizing” refers to exposing an eluate to a light source.Solarizing can be achieved using natural or non-natural light sources.In some instances, the light source is used to improve the qualityand/or palatability of the eluate.

The term “filtrate” refers to a solution that has passed through amembrane or strainer of variable porousness or permeability to removeeither particulate matter or unwanted compounds. In the methods of theinvention, an eluate is passed through a filter to produce a filtrate.

The term “distillate” refers to a solution that has been concentrated byany known means of evaporation or distillation. In the methods of theinvention, the filtrate is evaporated to form the distillate.

The terms “dehydration” and “dehydrating” refer to a process of purgingor otherwise removing residual solvent from the distillate. In themethods of the invention, the distillate can be dehydrated by methodsincluding use of a vacuum pump with or without elevating thetemperature.

The term “extract” refers to a solution that has been purged ordehydrated to remove residual solvent. In the methods of the invention,the extract is formed by purging or dehydrating the distillate using anyknown means in the art.

The terms “winterizing” and “freezing” refer to cooling an eluate from acannabis plant to below ambient temperatures. In some instances,winterizing is used to remove unwanted or non-desirable compounds fromthe eluate. In some instances, winterizing is used to store the eluatebefore further processing.

The term “viscosity” is used to quantify the resistance of a substancesuch as a cannabis oil to deformation under shear stress and/or tensilestress.

The term “essential oil” refers to natural plant oil typically obtainedby distillation and having a chemical composition and organolepticproperties (e.g., fragrance) characteristic of the plant or other sourcefrom which it is extracted.

The term “strain” refers to different varieties of a particular plantgenus. For example, the term strain can refer to different varieties ofcannabis plants. Different cannabis strains often exhibit distinctchemical compositions with characteristic levels of cannabinoids andterpenes, as well as other components. Differing cannabinoid and terpeneprofiles associated with different cannabis strains can be useful forthe treatment of different diseases, or for treating different subjectswith the same disease.

The term “vitamin E” refers to a group of compounds that include bothtocopherols and tocotrienols including, but not limited to,α-tocopherol, β-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, δ-tocopherol, α-tocotrienol,β-tocotrienol, γ-tocotrienol, δ-tocotrienol, salts thereof, andcombinations thereof. Vitamin E can be obtained from sources including,but not limited to, soybeans, sunflowers, and combinations thereof.

The terms “a,” “an,” or “the” as used herein include plural referentsunless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

The terms “about” and “around,” as used herein to modify a numericalvalue, indicate a close range surrounding that explicit value. If “X”were the value, “about X” or “around X” would indicate a value from 0.8Xto 1.2X, preferably a value from 0.9X to 1.1X, and, more preferably, avalue from 0.95X to 1.05X. Any reference to “about X” or “around X”specifically indicates at least the values X, 0.95X, 0.96X, 0.97X,0.98X, 0.99X, 1.01X, 1.02X, 1.03X, 1.04X, and 1.05X. Thus, “about X” and“around X” are intended to teach and provide written description supportfor a claim limitation of, e.g., “0.98X.”

II. Extraction Methods for Preparing Cannabis Oils

In one aspect, the present invention provides methods for preparingcannabis oils and extracts. The method includes eluting cannabinoidsfrom cannabis plant material with a solvent to produce an eluate,filtering the eluate with a filter to produce a filtrate, evaporatingthe solvent from the filtrate with a distiller to produce a distillate,and purging the distillate under conditions sufficient to removeresidual solvent, thereby producing a cannabis oil extract. In certainembodiments, the eluate obtained from the cannabis plant materialfurther includes one or more terpenes, terpenoids, or other plantcomponents. In some embodiments, the method further comprises mixing aquantity of vitamin E with the extract to produce a cannabis oilcomposition. In some embodiments, the method further includes combiningthe cannabis oil or cannabis oil/vitamin E mixture with an essential oilor a carrier oil to produce a cannabis oil composition.

Reference is now made to FIG. 1A, which is a method 100 of preparing thecannabis oil composition according to one embodiment. The method 100 caninclude freezing cannabis plant material 103 and solvent 105 in step102.

In some embodiments, the cannabis plant material 103 can be plantmaterial from a Cannabis indica plant. In some embodiments, the cannabisplant material 103 can be plant material from a Cannabis sativa plant.In some embodiments, the cannabis plant material 103 can be plantmaterial from a hybrid Cannabis indica and Cannabis sativa plant. Inthese and other embodiments, the cannabis plant material 103 can befresh plant matter.

In some embodiments, the cannabis plant material is a strain selectedfrom the group consisting of AC/DC, Afghan Goo, Atomic Northern Lights,Blackberry Kush, Blueberry, Blueberry Kush, Blueberry Muffin Top,Blueberry OG, Blue Diesel, Blue Dream, Buddha Passion, Cannatonic,Chocolate Kush, Fire OG, Jilly Bean, Gran Daddy Purple, Grape BlackberryKush, Harle OG, Harle Tsu, Harlequin, Hope Springs, Infinite Euphoria,Long Valley Royal Kush, Medihaze, Pineapple Jack, Prize Kush, SourDiesel, Sour Kush, and Tahoe OG.

In some embodiments, the cannabis plant material is a strain selectedfrom the group consisting of AC/DC, Blueberry, Afghan Goo, Prize Kush,Medihaze, and Cannatonic. In a more specific embodiment, the cannabisplant material 103 can be a strain of cannabis selected from the groupconsisting of AC/DC, Blueberry, and Cannatonic.

Further strains and hybrid strains contemplated for use in the methodsof the invention include, but are not limited to: Afgoo; Afghan Kush;Agent Orange; AK-47; Amnesia Haze; Atomic Jam; Atomic Northern Lights;Avidekel; BC Grapefruit; Belladonna; Berry White; Blackberry BritishColumbia; Blackberry Kush; Black Romulan; Black Queen; Blueberry Kush;Blueberry OG; Blue Dream; Blue Cheese; Blueberry Cheese; Blue Diesel;Blue Dream; Blue Jay Way; Blue Velvet; Boost; Bubba Kush; Bubble Gum;Buddha Passion; BW Cookies; Cadillac Purple; Canna Sue; CannaTsu; CaseyJones; Charlotte's Web; Cheese; Cheeze; Cherry AK; Cherry Cola; CherryPie; Chemdawg; Chem Scout; Chocolate Kush; Chocolope; Chiesel;Cinderella 99; Cotton Candy Kush; Critical Jack; Death Star; DieselCookies; Downtown Diesel; Double Diesel; Dream Kush; Durban Cookies;Durban Poison; Dutch Treat; Dr. Tod; Elektra; Exodus; Fern Dog; Fire OG;Frankenstein OG; G13; God's Gift; Gran Daddy Purps; Granddaddy Purple;Granny Durkel; Grape Ape; Grape Puff, Grapefruit Rom; Grapekush; GrapeBlackberry Kush; Girl Scout Cookies; Green Crack; Green Goddess;Headband; Heady Kush; Harlequin; Hash Plant; Hindica; Hindu Kush;Hopesprings; Huckleberry; Hubba Bubba; Infinite Euphoria; Island SweetSkunk; Jack Herer; Jamaican Lion; Jamaican Skunk; Jelly Bean; JillyBean; Kushage; LA Confidential; Larry OG; Lavender; Lemon Haze; LemonKush; Lemon Skunk; Liberty Haze; Lion Fire; Manawell; Mango; Mango Haze;Maplewreck; Master Kush; Maui Waui; Misty; Mr. Nice; Northern Lights;NYC Diesel; OG Afgani; OG Kush; Ol' Betsy; Orange Crush; Orange Kush;Phenom Phen; Pineapple Express; Pineapple Haze; Pineapple Jack;Pineapple Kush; Pineapple Thai; Platinum Cookies; Platinum Kush;Pomegranate Kush; Purps; Purple Diesel; Purple Goo; Purple Hash Plant;Purple Haze; Purple Jasmine; Purple Kush; Purple Nice; Purple Platinum;Purple Trainwreck; Purple Urkle; R4; Rain; Red Raspberry Kush; Romulan;Royal Cookies; Sage Diesel; Sensi Star; Sierra; Sierra Purple; SilverDiesel; Silver Dragon; Silver Haze; Skywalker; Skywalker OG; Snow Cap;Sour Boogie; Sour Diesel; Sour Kush; Sour OG; Sour Tsunami; StinkyPurple; Strawberry Cough; Sunset Sherbert; Super Lemon Haze; SuperSilver Haze; Sunra; Sweetooth SFV; Tahoe OG Kush; Thin Mints; TangerineDream; Tora Bora; Trainwreck; Ultraviolet; Unicorn; Vanilla Kush; WestPoint Snow; White Erkle; White Rhino; White Russian; White Widow; andWizard's Potion.

The cannabis plant material 103 can include cannabis flowers, buds,trichomes, leaves, stems, portions therein or combinations thereof. Insome embodiments, the cannabis plant material consists essentially ofcannabis buds. The buds can be whole buds or buds that are cut or brokeninto pieces. Step 102 can include freezing the cannabis plant material103 and the solvent 105 for at least about 12 hours (e.g., about 16-24hours). In one or more embodiments, the cannabis plant material and thesolvent can be frozen at a temperature between about 0° C. and about−20° C. One unexpected benefit from freezing the cannabis plant material103, the solvent 105, or a combination thereof is the preservation ofvaluable terpenes or other volatile molecules when preparing thecannabis oil extract. In addition, freezing the cannabis plant materialand/or solvent can decrease the quantity of chlorophyll in the cannabisoils (an unwanted byproduct of the process).

In general, the plant material and/or extraction solvent are held at aparticular temperature for a period of time sufficient to ensure thatthe materials reach the temperature. One of skill in the art willappreciate that the length of cooling or freezing time will depend inpart on factors such as the targeted freezing/cooling temperature andthe quantity of materials used in the method, as well as the particularextraction solvent and cannabis strain. Accordingly, cannabis plantmaterial and/or extraction solvents are typically held for periods oftime ranging from several minutes to several hours in length. Forexample, cannabis plant material and/or extraction solvents can be heldat a reduced temperature for anywhere from about 10 minutes to about 72hours prior to extraction. Cannabis plant material and/or extractionsolvents can be held at a reduced temperature for a period of from about30 minutes to about 48 hours, or from about 1 hour to about 36 hours, orfrom about 4 hours to about 24 hours, or from about 12 hours to about 18hours prior to extraction. Cannabis plant material and/or extractionsolvents can be held at a reduced temperature for a period of about 8,9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, or 18 hours prior to extraction. Insome embodiments, cannabis plant material and ethanol are held at around−20° C. for around a minimum of 16 hr prior to extracting the cannabisplant material with the ethanol.

Typically, the materials used in the methods of the present inventionare cooled to temperatures below ambient temperature (i.e., below about25° C.) prior to and/or during the extraction step. For example, thecannabis plant material and/or the extraction solvent can be held at atemperature ranging from about −80° C. to about 20° C. The cannabisplant material and/or the extraction solvent can be held at atemperature ranging from about −80° C. to about −20° C., or from about−20° C. to about 0° C., or from about 0° C. to about 4° C., or fromabout 4° C. to about 20° C. In some embodiments, the cannabis plantmaterial and the extraction solvent are held at about 0° C. prior to theextraction step. In some embodiments, the cannabis plant material andthe extraction solvent are held at about −20° C. prior to the extractionstep. In some embodiments, the cannabis plant material and theextraction solvent are held at about −23° C. prior to and/or during theextraction step.

The extraction step can be conducted at temperatures ranging from about−80° C. to about 30° C. The extraction step can be conducted, forexample, at a temperature ranging from about −80° C. to about −20° C.,or from about −20° C. to about 0° C., or from about 0° C. to about 4°C., or from about 4° C. to about 20° C. In some embodiments, theextraction step is conducted a temperature below about 0° C. In someembodiments, the extraction step is conducted at about −23° C. Theextraction can be conducted with materials that have been frozen orchilled as described above or with materials at ambient temperatures.

The solvent 105 can be a predominantly polar solvent. In one embodiment,the solvent 105 can be an alcohol such as ethanol. The solvent 105 canalso be a polar solvent derived from organic sources. In a more specificembodiment, the solvent 105 can be a 95% biodynamic ethanol. In an evenmore specific embodiment, the solvent 105 can be 190 proof organic grainwheat spirit. In other embodiments, the solvent 105 can include organicethers, esters, and/or ketones. In some embodiments, the solvent caninclude USDA certified organic corn, grape, or cane sugar, food-gradeorganic alcohol, and/or biodynamic ethanol.

One of skill in the art will appreciate that a large number of organicsolvents can be used for this extraction. Examples of organic solventsthat can be used include, but are not limited to, acetonitrile,methanol, isopropanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, dichloromethane, ethylacetate, isopropyl acetate, isopropyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether,diethyl ether, acetone, butane, hexane, heptane, and combinationsthereof. In some embodiments, isopropanol is used as the extractionsolvent. In some embodiments, ethyl acetate is used as the extractionsolvent. In some embodiments, mixtures of organic solvents can be usedto improve the extraction process.

The method 100 can also include eluting cannabinoids 107, such as THCand CBD, from the cannabis plant material 103 with the solvent 105 toproduce an eluate 109 in step 104. In one embodiment, step 104 caninclude eluting the cannabinoids 107 from the cannabis plant material107 frozen in step 102 with the solvent 105 also frozen from step 102representing an eluent. The cannabis plant material 103 can also bereferred to as a marc. The eluate 109 can also be referred to as amenstruum.

As will be discussed in more detail below, step 104 can yield a firsteluate 111 and a second eluate 113. For ease of reference, both thefirst eluate 111 and the second eluate 113 can be referred to as theeluate 109.

In one embodiment, step 104 can include placing the cannabis plantmaterial 103 in a strainer or perforated filter funnel over a collectionreceptacle. In a more specific embodiment, the strainer can be acolander such as a ROSLE colander and the collection receptacle can be abucket or other type of open container. In other embodiments, thestrainer can be a sieve or straining basket. In these embodiments, thecannabis plant material 103 frozen from step 102 can be placed in thestrainer over the collection receptacle.

Step 104 can include pouring the solvent 105 representing the eluentover the cannabis plant material 103 placed in the strainer andcollecting the eluate or menstruum from this pouring step in thecollection receptacle.

Any amount of solvent suitable for extracting cannabinoids and otherdesired compounds can be used in the methods of the invention. Forexample, the ratio of extraction solvent (L) to cannabis plant material(lb) in the extraction step can range from about 0.1 L:1 lb to about 10L:1 lb or more. The extraction solvent to cannabis plant material ratiocan be from about 0.1 L:1 lb to about 1 L:1 lb, from about 1 L:1 lb toabout 2 L:1 lb, from about 1 L:1 lb to about 2 L:1 lb, from about 2 L:1lb to about 4 L:1 lb, from about 4 L:1 lb to about 8 L:1 lb. The ratioof solvent to cannabis plant material can also include from about 2.5:1to about 3.5:1, from about 2.3:1 to about 3.7:1, from about 2.2:1 toabout 3.8:1, from about 2:1 to about 4:1, from about 1.8:1 to about 4.2,or from about 1.5:1 to about 4.5:1. In some embodiments, the extractionsolvent to cannabis plant material ratio in the extraction step is about3 L:1 lb.

In one embodiment, three liters of the solvent 105 can be poured overone pound of the cannabis plant material 103. In a more specificembodiment, the solvent 105 can be organic ethanol.

In one or more embodiments, the eluate or menstruum collected from thispouring step can be poured over the same cannabis plant material 103again to elute more of the cannabinoids 107 from the cannabis plantmaterial 103. This pouring step can be repeated until the cannabis plantmaterial 103 has been poured over a total of three to six times, oruntil the coloration of the eluate or menstruum exhibits hues of greendue to accumulation of chlorophyll or other undesired plant material inthe eluate.

Any number of pouring steps can be used to elute the cannabinoids fromthe cannabis plant material during the extraction step. The number ofpours can range from 1 to about 15 or more. For example, there can be 1,2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 13, 14, 15 or more pouring steps. Insome embodiments, multiple pouring steps are achieved by reusing thecollected eluate or menstruum of the initial pouring step. In someembodiments, multiple pouring steps are achieved by using freshextraction solvent. In some embodiments, the volume of extractionsolvent is altered in different pouring steps. In some embodiments, thenumber of pouring steps is terminated before the eluate turns green,which color can indicate an undesirable level of chlorophyll or otherundesired plant material accumulation in the eluate.

At this point, the eluate or menstruum produced by the repeated pourscan be filtered to yield the first eluate 111. The eluate or menstruumproduced by the repeated pours can be filtered by pouring through a meshfilter. In one embodiment, the mesh filter can be a metallic filter. Insome embodiments, the mesh filter can be a membrane filter. In someembodiments, the mesh filter can be a cloth or muslin fabric filter.

The first eluate 111 can be collected in a glass or other containerhaving a lid or other closing mechanism. In one embodiment, the glasscontainer can be a glass jar having a jar lid. In a more specificembodiment, the glass container can be a gallon-sized glass jar. In someembodiments, the glass container can be a 2-5 L Pyrex media bottle. Theglass container comprising the first eluate 111 can be closed by the lidor other closing mechanism and stored in a freezer. In one embodiment,the first eluate 111 collected in the glass container can be stored forabout 24 to about 48 hours at a temperature between about 0° C. andabout −20° C. After this freezing step, the first eluate 111 can undergofurther filtration in step 108 below. In some embodiments, the firsteluate is further subjected to solarization as described below.

Step 104 can also involve using the leftover cannabis plant material 103from the pouring steps above to produce the second eluate 113. Freshportions of the solvent can be poured over cannabis plant material 103in the strainer to produce the second eluate.

Alternatively, the cannabis plant material 103 can be removed from thestrainer and placed into an open container. In one embodiment, the opencontainer can be a bucket such as a polymer-based bucket. As a morespecific embodiment, the open container can be a five gallon plasticbucket. In this embodiment, fresh instances of the solvent 105 (e.g.,unused solvent 105 from step 102) can be poured into the open containeruntil the solvent 105 completely covers the cannabis plant material 103.The second eluate can be subjected to solarization as described below.

Step 104 can further include soaking the cannabis plant material 103 inthe solvent 105, at or below room temperature, for about 1 to about 2hours in the open container. In some embodiments, the plant material isleft to soak without agitation. In one embodiment, the cannabis plantmaterial 103 can also be macerated while soaking in the solvent 105. Inthis embodiment, the cannabis plant material 103 can be macerated byagitating the cannabis plant material 103 through mechanical or manualforce such as by stirring the solvent 105 in the open container. Theplant material can also be broken apart or ground into finer-sizedparticles.

The extraction solvent can be soaked with the plant material beforestraining or the extraction solvent can be kept separate beforestraining. In instances where cannabis plant is soaked/macerated withextraction solvent, incubation time can range from less than about 1minute to more than about 10 hours. For example, incubation time rangesfrom less than 1 minute to about 10 minutes, from about 10 minutes toabout 30 minutes, from about 30 minutes to about 2 hours, from about 2hours to about 4 hours, from about 4 hours to about 7 hours, or fromabout 7 hours to about 10 or more hours. In some embodiments, theextract and the plant material are soaked/macerated for about 2 minutes.In some embodiments, the extract and the plant material aresoaked/macerated for about 2 hours. In some embodiments, the extract andthe plant material are soaked/macerated for about 6 hours.

After soaking the cannabis plant material 103 in the solvent 105, theentire contents of the open container can be poured through a strainer,such as a ROSLE colander, and then filtered to yield the second eluate113. The contents of the open container can be filtered using a meshfilter. In one embodiment, the mesh filter can be a metallic filter. Insome embodiments, the mesh filter can be a membrane filter or a fabric(e.g., muslin) filter.

The second eluate 113 can be collected in a glass or other container(e.g., a container made of high- or low-density polyethylene) having alid or other closing mechanism. In one embodiment, the glass containercan be a glass jar having ajar lid. The second eluate 113 can besubjected to solarization in step 106 prior to further filtration instep 108 below.

Solarization is a process that includes exposing the cannabis extract toa light source to degrade any chlorophyll that has collected with thecannabinoids. The solarization process can be carried out for any amountof time suitable for degrading, or otherwise reducing, the chlorophyllin the extract. Typically, the incubation time will range from fewerthan about 5 minutes to more than about 12 hours. The solarization timecan depend on factors including, but not limited to, the strength of thelight source used. The solarization time can be from about 5 minutes toabout 30 minutes, or from about 30 minutes to about 2 hours, or fromabout 2 hours to about 5 hours, or from about 5 hours to about 12 hoursor more. The solarization time can also depend on the desired finishedproduct. In some embodiments, solarization is carried out for about 2hours. In some embodiments, solarization is carried out for about 10hours. In some embodiments, solarization is carried out until theextract changes from a nettle green color to a yellow-brown color. Insome embodiments, solarization is carried out until the optical densitydifference (ODD) of the solution reaches a value indicating acceptablechlorophyll levels in the cannabis extract, as measured on a UV-visspectrophotometer measuring the difference in absorption betweenwavelengths around 650 nm (red) and around 940 nm (infrared). Themeasurement of the ODD between these two wavelengths can be used todetermine the chlorophyll content in the cannabis extract. One of skillin the art will recognize that there are other techniques available todetermine the amount of chlorophyll remaining in extracts.

The method 100 can include solarizing the second eluate 113 in step 106.For illustrative purposes, solarizing the eluate 109 will be describedwith respect to the second eluate 113, although it should be understoodthat any type of eluate or menstruum produced from the cannabis plantmaterial 103 can be solarized to remove the effects of chlorophyll fromthe eluate 109.

Step 106 can involve exposing the second eluate 113 to direct sunlightin order to solarize the second eluate 113. In one embodiment, the glasscontainer comprising the second eluate 113 can be placed in directsunlight for at least two hours. In other embodiments, a plasma lightemitter can be used to direct light at the second eluate 113 at a lightintensity between about 500 to about 2000 photosynthetic photon flux(PPF or μmol m⁻² s⁻¹) for approximately 8 to 10 hours.

Solarization can be accomplished using any source of light suitable fordegrading chlorophyll. The light source can be, for example, the sun.Another source of light used can be non-natural light sources.Non-natural light sources can include those that emit a full lightspectrum in an attempt to mimic natural light, or those that onlyprovide specific wavelengths. Non-natural light sources can also includethose that vary spectral outputs and temperatures as time passes, orthose that keep a constant spectral output and temperature. In someembodiments, the light source is sunlight. In some embodiments, thelight source is a plasma light (e.g., a Gavita Pro 300 light emittingplasma lamp equipped with LUXIM STA 41.02 LiFi light source). The plasmalight can be a full-spectrum plasma light including UVB light.

The solarization step can be conducted at any temperature suitable fordegrading, or otherwise reducing, the chlorophyll in the extract.Typically, solarization will be conducted at a temperature ranging fromabout −80° C. to about 30° C. The solarization step can be conducted,for example, at a temperature ranging from about −80° C. to about −20°C., or from about −20° C. to about 0° C., or from about 0° C. to about4° C., or from about 4° C. to about 20° C. In some embodiments, thesolarization step is conducted a temperature below about 0° C. In someembodiments, solarization step is conducted at about −23° C.

In all such embodiments, the solarization of the second eluate 113 cancease when the color of the second eluate 113 no longer exhibits a greenhue or turns from a green color to a yellowish-brown color. It has beendiscovered that the solarization step allows oil producers to elute moreof the cannabinoids 107 from the same batch of the cannabis plantmaterial 103 through the two-step process described above. Morespecifically, the solarization step allows oil producers to make thecannabis oil extract from the second eluate 113 without leavingundesirable amounts of chlorophyll into the final product. In oneembodiment, the level of cannabinoids 107 of the first eluate 111 andthe second eluate 113 are assayed using high-performance liquidchromatography (HPLC) and ultraviolet (UV) detectors. In thisembodiment, the second eluate 113 contains about 10% less cannabinoids107 than the first eluate 111.

Generally, after the solarization step, the eluate is cooled totemperatures below ambient temperature (i.e., below about 25° C.). Forexample, the eluate can be held at a temperature ranging from about −80°C. to about 20° C. The eluate can be held at a temperatures ranging fromabout −80° C. to about −20° C., or from about −20° C. to about 0° C., orfrom about 0° C. to about 4° C., or from about 4° C. to about 20° C. Insome embodiments, the eluate is held at about 0° C. In some embodiments,the eluate is held at about −20° C.

One of skill in the art will appreciate that the length of cooling timewill depend in part on factors such as the targeted freezing/coolingtemperature and the quantity of materials used in the methods.Accordingly, the eluate is typically held for periods of time rangingfrom several minutes to several hours in length. For example, eluate canbe held at reduced temperatures for about 5 minutes to about 3 days ormore. In some embodiments, the eluate can be held at reducedtemperatures from about 5 minutes to about 1 hour, from about 1 hour toabout 5 hours, from about 5 hours to about 24 hours, from about 24 hoursto about 48 hours, from about 48 hours to about 96 hours or more. Insome embodiments, the eluate is held at reduced temperatures for about24 hours. In some embodiments, the eluate is held at reducedtemperatures for about 48 hours.

The second eluate 113 can be stored for about 24 to about 48 hours at atemperature between about 0° C. and about −20° C. After this freezingstep, the second eluate 113 can undergo further filtration in step 108below.

The method 100 can further include filtering the eluate 109, includingthe first eluate 111, the second eluate 113, or a combination thereof,with a filter to produce a filtrate 115 in step 108. In one embodiment,step 108 includes filtering the eluate 109 using vacuum filtration. In amore specific embodiment, step 108 can include pouring the eluate 109through a Buchner funnel coupled to a vacuum or side-arm flask. In theseand other embodiments, the Buchner funnel can represent the filter.

In this embodiment, one or more pieces of filter paper can be placed inthe Buchner funnel and a vacuum pump can be used to provide vacuumsuction. In one embodiment, the filter paper can have a pore size ofbetween 12-25 micrometers (m). As a more specific embodiment, the filterpaper can be a Whatman™ ashless Grade 589 filter paper. In thisembodiment, two pieces of the filter paper can be placed in the Buchnerfunnel to filter the eluate 109.

Step 108 can also include freezing the Buchner funnel prior to pouringthe eluate 109 into the funnel. In addition, step 108 can includewetting the filter paper with the solvent 105 prior to pouring theeluate 109 into the Buchner funnel. The filtrate 115 can be collectedfrom the vacuum or side-arm flask and undergo evaporation in step 110.

The method 100 can further include evaporating the solvent 105 from thefiltrate 115 to produce a distillate 117 in step 110. In someembodiments, the filtrate 115 can be distilled using a distiller. Insome embodiments, the filtrate can be distilled using an evaporator. Insome embodiments, the evaporator can be a rotary evaporator. In someembodiments, the distiller can include an essential oil distiller. As amore specific embodiment, the distiller can be a Megahome™ DA4Bdistiller. The filtrate 115 can be distilled by separating the solvent105 from the remainder of the filtrate 115 through a selectiveevaporation and condensation procedure.

The filtrate can be distilled or evaporated for any length of time,depending on the desired concentration of distillate. For example, thefiltrate can be distilled or evaporated for anytime ranging from about30 minutes to about 10 hours or more. An ordinary skilled artisan willrecognize that depending on the exact method and machinery used, theexact evaporation time required will vary. In some embodiments, thefiltrate is evaporated for time intervals ranging from about 30 minutesto about 2 hours, from about 2 hours to about 4 hours, from about 4hours to about 6 hours, from about 6 hours to about 8 hours, or fromabout 8 hours to about 10 hours. In some embodiments, the filtrate isdistilled or evaporated for about 2 hours. In some embodiments, thefiltrate is distilled or evaporated for about 8 hours. In someembodiments, step 110 can include distilling the filtrate 115 for atleast about 4 hours.

After evaporating the solvent from the filtrate, the distillate can beoptionally heated above room temperature under controlled conditions foran additional period of time. In some embodiments, the distillate isheated at a controlled temperature for a period of time sufficient toconvert acidic cannabinoids to neutral cannabinoids via decarboxylation.The distillate, after evaporation and optional heating, is transferredto an appropriate heating flask. A condenser with recirculating chillingfluid is attached on top of the appropriate heating flask to condenseoil vapors during the heating process.

Accordingly, some embodiments of the invention provide a method forpreparing a cannabis oil extract as described above, wherein the methodfurther includes heating the distillate under conditions sufficient toform a decarboxylated distillate.

After distillation and optional heating, the distillate can beoptionally filtered through a solid-phase filter medium. Examples ofsuitable solid-phase filter media include, but are not limited to,silica gel, activated charcoal, activated carbon, diatomaceous earth(Celite), and ion-exchange resins. In some embodiments, the solid-phasefilter medium is silica gel. The distillate can be homogenized orotherwise combined with a suitable solvent prior to the optionalfiltration step. The homogenized distillate can then be added to aportion of silica gel that has been conditioned (pre-run) in a suitablefilter apparatus with the same solvent as added to the distillate. Oncethe homogenized distillate is fully absorbed on the silica, additionalsolvent can be added on top of the settled silica. During the silica gelfiltration step, the homogenized distillate and added solvent can bepulled through the filter apparatus using a light vacuum or pushedthrough the filter apparatus using positive pressure applied from above.Alternatively, the homogenized distillate can proceed through theapparatus via gravity filtration. The filtrate can be collected in anappropriate flask prior to removal of solvent via evaporation, asdescribed above.

The solvent used in homogenizing the distillate can be any of thesolvents discussed above, including ethanol, ethyl acetate, or heptane.The ratio of solvent added can range from about 1 mL solvent to about 1g of distillate (1:1) to about 4:1 (mL solvent to g of distillate). Forexample, the ratio of solvent to distillate can be from about 1:1 toabout 2:1, from about 2:1 to about 3:1, or from about 3:1 to about 4:1.In some embodiments, the ratio of solvent to distillate is about 2:1. Insome embodiments, the ratio of solvent to distillate is about 3:1.

Silica gel can be added to the homogenized distillate in any amountsuitable for removing unwanted components via filtration. Silica gel canbe added, for example, in an amount ranging from about 1 g of addedsilica for every 1 g of homogenized distillate (1:1) to about 3 g ofadded silica for every 1 g of homogenized distillate (3:1). The amountof added silica added to homogenized distillate can range from about 1:1to about 2:1, or from about 2:1 to about 3:1. In some embodiments theratio of added silica to homogenized distillate is about 2:1. Additionalsilica gel is used as the pad or be in the filtration step. Typically,the additional silica gel is used in amounts ranging from about 3 gsilica for every 1 g of homogenized distillate (3:1) to about 9:1. Forexample, the ratio of additional silica to homogenized distillate canrange from about 3:1 to about 4:1, from about 4:1 to about 5:1, fromabout 5:1 to about 6:1, from about 6:1 to about 7:1, from about 7:1 toabout 8:1, or form about 8:1 to about 9:1. In some embodiments, theratio of additional silica to distillate is about 6:1. In someembodiments, the ratio of additional silica to distillate is about 4:1.In some embodiments, the additional silica is loaded into the funnelalone. In some embodiments, the additional silica gel is loaded into thefunnel with the same solvent used to homogenize the distillate.

Accordingly, some embodiments of the invention provide a method forpreparing a cannabis oil extract as described above, wherein the methodfurther includes heating the distillate under conditions sufficient toform a decarboxylated distillate and filtering the decarboxylateddistillate to form a decarboxylated filtrate.

The method 100 can further include dehydrating or purging the distillate117 (after optional filtration and heating) to further remove anyfurther traces of the solvent 105. In doing so, the dehydration producesan extract 119 in step 112. Dehydration can be achieved using any knownmeans in the art including the use of a food dehydrator, evaporator, orvacuum pump. In some embodiments, the distillate is placed in an opencontainer. In some embodiments, the distillate is place in a sealedcontainer where air pressure can be lowered.

In general, purging/dehydration is conducted under conditions sufficientto remove residual solvent from the cannabis oil extract. “Residualsolvent” refers to any solvent (e.g., ethanol) used during theextraction process that remains in the extract after the elution,solarization, filtration, and evaporation steps. The removal of residualsolvent can be monitored, for example, by conducting thepurge/dehydration step until the weight of the extract stops decreasing(indicating that all volatile solvent has been removed). In someembodiments, removing residual solvent refers to removing at least 90%of the ethanol used in the extraction process from the cannabis oilextract. In some embodiments, removing residual solvent refers toremoving at least 95% of the ethanol used in the extraction process fromthe cannabis oil extract. In some embodiments, removing residual solventrefers to removing at least 99% of the ethanol used in the extractionprocess from the cannabis oil extract.

In some embodiments, the dehydrator can be a food dehydrator. In a morespecific embodiment, the dehydrator can be an Excalibur™ fooddehydrator. Step 112 can involve placing the petri dishes comprising thedistillate 117 into the dehydrator. In one embodiment, the dehydratorcan be set at about 55° C. The distillate 117 can be dehydrated for atanywhere between about 1 and about 72 hours, or longer, to yield theextract 119. In other embodiments, the distillate 117 can be dehydratedfor up to about 120 hours.

In some embodiments, dehydration of residual solvent can be achievedwith vacuum pumps providing reduced pressure levels ranging from about 1mbar to about 500 mbar. In some instances, solvent purging is carriedabout from about 1 mbar to about 10 mbar, or from about 10 mbar to about20 mbar, or from about 20 mbar to about 50 mbar, or from about 50 mbarto about 100 mbar, or from about 100 mbar to about 200 mbar, or fromabout 200 mbar to about 500 mbar. In some embodiments the solventpurging pressure is about 10 mbar. In some embodiments, the solventpurging pressure is about 50 mbar. In some embodiments, the solventpurging pressure is about 100 mbar. In some embodiments, the solventpurging pressure is about 250 mbar. Reduced pressures can be obtainedusing any suitable apparatus including, for example, an AcrossInternational Vacuum Oven (Model VO-16050) or a Buchi Multivaporapparatus equipped with a vacuum pump. In some embodiments, thedistillate is purged while being stirred and heated in a heavy-walledflask under reduced pressure.

During the purge/dehydration step, the distillate may be optionallyheated to increase the efficiency of the solvent purge. The temperatureused for purging/dehydration can be any temperature at or above ambientconditions. For example, heating during the purge/dehydration step canrange from about 20° C. to about 200° C. or more. In some instances thepurge/dehydration temperature can range from about above 20° C. to about35° C., or from about 35° C. to about 50° C., or from about 50° C. toabout 65° C., or from about 65° C. to about 90° C., or from about 90° C.to about 130° C., or from about 130° C. to about 170° C., or from about170° C. to about 200° C. or more. In some embodiments, thepurge/dehydration temperature is about 35° C. In some embodiments, thepurge/dehydration temperature is about 50° C. In some embodiments, thepurge/dehydration temperature is about 55° C. In some embodiments, thepurge/dehydration temperature is about 70° C. In some embodiments, thepurge/dehydration temperature is about 90° C. In some embodiments, thepurge/dehydration temperature is about 110° C.

A person of skill in the art will recognize that the time of dehydrationrequired to remove the remaining solvent will depend on the pressure andtemperature of the purge/dehydration step as well as the solvent that isbeing removed. Typically, the time of the purge step will range fromanywhere between about one 1 and about 5 days. For example, the time ofpurging can range from about 1 hour to about 1 day, from about 1 day toabout 2 days, from about 2 days to 3 days, or from about 3 days to about5 or more days. In some embodiments, the time of purging is about 18hours. In some embodiments, the time of purging is about 2 days. In someembodiments, the time of purging can is about 3 days. In someembodiments, the time of purging can is about 4 days. In someembodiments, the time of purging is about 5 days.

After obtaining the extract 119, the composition of the extract can bedetermined by a variety of the methods. For example, a portion of theextract can be analyzed by methods including, but not limited to, liquidchromatography/mass spectrometry (LC-MS), gas chromatography/massspectrometry (GC-MS), and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(¹H-NMR). In addition, the composition of the extract 119 can beorganoleptically tested to ensure consistency in taste, smell, texture,coloration, or a combination thereof.

As an example, Table 1 below shows the amount and percent yields ofextract 119 from varying amounts of cannabis plant material 103:

TABLE 1 Yield Results from Cannabis Plant Material to Extract CannabisExtract Extract Plant Cannabis Plant Amount of Yield Yield MaterialMaterial Amount Solvent, Amount Percentage Strain (grams) Ethanol (L)(grams) (%) AC/DC 680.39 7.00 42.0 6.17 Blueberry 1315.41 13.0 79.8 6.07Cannatonic 680.38 10.5 41.4 6.08

The method 100 can further include mixing a quantity of vitamin E 121with the extract 119 to yield a cannabis oil composition.

The amount of vitamin E added to the extract can depend on factorsincluding the strain of cannabis plant used and desired viscosity of theextract. The amount of vitamin E added to the extract will typicallyrange from about 0% (w/w) to about 95%. The amount of vitamin E added tothe extract can range, for example, from about 0.5% to about 5%, or fromabout 5% to about 10%, or from about 10% to about 15%, or from about 15%to about 20%, or from about 20% to about 25%, or from about 25% to about30%, or from about 30% to about 35%, or from about 35% to about 40%, orfrom about 40% to about 50%, or from about 50% to about 60%, or fromabout 60% to about 70% or more. The amount of vitamin E added can rangefrom about 54% to about 56%, or from about 52% to about 58%, or fromabout 49% to about 61%, or from about 47% to about 63%, or from about46% to about 64%, or from about 44% to about 66%. The amount of vitaminE added can range from about 12% to about 48%, or from about 14% toabout 46%, or from about 16% to about 44%, or from about 18% to about42%, or from about 20% to about 40%, or from about 22% to about 38%, orfrom about 24% to about 36%, or from about 26% to about 34%, or fromabout 28% to about 32%. In some embodiments, the amount of vitamin Eadded to the extract is about 15% or more. In some embodiments, theamount of vitamin E added is about 28% or more.

In some embodiments, the amount of vitamin E added is about 30% or more.In some embodiments, the amount of vitamin E added is about 44% or more.In some embodiments, the amount of vitamin E added is about 55% or more.

In certain embodiments, vitamin E is added to the cannabis oil in anamount sufficient to provide a desired viscosity level. For example,vitamin E can be added to the cannabis oil in an amount sufficient toprovide a viscosity ranging from about 6000 cP to about 200 cP. VitaminE can be added to the cannabis oil in an amount sufficient to provide aviscosity ranging from about 6000 cP to about 5000 cP, or from about5000 cP to about 4000 cP, or from about 4000 cP to about 3000 cP, orfrom about 3000 cP to about 2000 cP, or from about 2000 cP to about 1000cP, or from about 1000 cP to about 200 cP. In certain instances, vitaminE is added to the cannabis oil in an amount sufficient to provide aviscosity of less than about 3500 cP. In certain other instances,vitamin E is added to the cannabis oil in an amount sufficient toprovide a viscosity ranging from about 1050 cP to about 950 cP, or fromabout 1100 cP to about 900 cP, or from about 1150 cP to about 850 cP, orfrom about 1200 cP to about 800 cP, or from about 1250 cP to about 750cP, or from about 1300 cP to about 700 cP, or from about 1350 cP toabout 650 cP. In some embodiments, vitamin E is added to the cannabisoil in an amount sufficient to provide a viscosity of about 1000 cP. Insome embodiments, vitamin E is added to the cannabis oil in an amountsufficient to provide a viscosity of about 2500 cP.

In one preferred embodiment, the quantity of vitamin E mixed with theextract 119 is about 30 percent weight by weight (30% w/w) based on atotal weight of the cannabis oil composition. In other embodiments, thequantity of vitamin E mixed with the extract 119 can be between about30% w/w and about 50% w/w based on the total weight of the cannabis oilcomposition.

In these and other embodiments, the vitamin E 121 can be, but is notlimited to, vitamin E derived from organic sources. For example, thevitamin E 121 can be vitamin E derived from organic sunflowers. As amore specific embodiment, the vitamin E 121 can be Deva™ non-geneticallymodified (non-GMO) vitamin E from sunflowers. The vitamin E 121 caninclude tocopherols and tocotrienols. More specifically, the vitamin E121 can include α-tocopherol.

Step 114 can include placing a suitable vessel, such as a beaker orpetri dish, comprising the extract 119 on a hotplate set at about 60-95°C. Step 114 can further include mixing the vitamin E 121 with theextract 119 by gently stirring the vitamin E 121 into the extract 119warmed on the hotplate until the cannabis oil composition ishomogenized. In another embodiment, mixing the vitamin E 121 with theextract 119 can involve injecting a quantity of the vitamin E 121 intothe extract 119. In some embodiments, mixing the vitamin E with theextract can involve adding a quantity of the vitamin E into extract thatis being mechanically or manually stirred and heated in a flask.

III. Cannabis Oils

In related aspects, the present invention provides cannabis oil extractsand compositions prepared by the methods described herein.

A. Cannabinoids

Cannabis oils of the invention can contain neutral cannabinoids, acidiccannabinoids, and combinations thereof. Examples of neutral cannabinoidsinclude, but are not limited to: cannabigerol (CBG) and relatedcompounds (e.g., cannabigerol monomethyl ether, cannabigerovarin);cannabichromene (CBC) and related compounds (e.g., (±)-cannabichromene,(±)-cannabichromevarin); (−)-cannabidiol (CBD) and related compounds(e.g., cannabidiol momomethyl ether, cannabidiol-C4, (−)-cannabidivarin,cannabidiorcol); cannabinodiol (CBND) and related compounds (e.g.,cannabinodivarin); Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and related compounds(e.g., Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol-C4, Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabivarin,Δ⁹-tetrahydro-cannabiorcol,(−)-Δ⁸-trans-(6aR,10aR)-Δ⁸-tetrahydrocannabinol,(−)-(6aS,10aR)-Δ⁹-tetrahydro-cannabinol); cannabinol (CBN) and relatedcompounds (e.g., cannabinol-C4, cannabivarin, cannabinol-C2,cannabiorcol, cannabinol methyl ether); (±)-cannabitriol (CBT) andrelated compounds (e.g., (−)-(9R,10R)-trans-10-O-ethyl-cannabitriol,(±)-(9R,10R/9S,10S)-cannabitriol-C3); cannabielsoin (CBE) and relatedcompounds (e.g., (5aS,6S,9R,9aR)-cannabielsoin,(5aS,6S,9R,9aR)—C₃-cannabielsoin, cannabiglendol-C₃,dehydrocannabifuran, cannabifuran); isocannabinoids (e.g.,(−)-Δ⁷-trans-(1R,3R,6R)-isotetrahydrocannabinol,(±)-Δ⁷-1,2-cis-(1R,3R,6S)-isotetrahydrocannabivarin,(±)-Δ⁷-1,2-cis-(1S,3S,6R)-isotetrahydro-cannabivarin,(−)-Δ⁷-trans-(1R,3R,6R)-isotetrahydrocannabivarin); cannabicyclol (CBL)and related compounds (e.g., (±)-(1aS,3aR,8bR,8cR)-cannabicyclol CBL-Cs,(±)-(1aS,3aR,8bR,8cR)-cannabicyclovarin); cannabicitran (CBT) andrelated compounds; and cannabichromanone (CBCN) and related compounds(e.g., cannabichromanone-C₃, cannabicoumaronone). The structures ofvarious neutral cannabinoids are set forth below.

Examples of acidic cannabinoids include, but are not limited to:cannabigerolic acid A; cannabigerolic acid A monomethyl ether;cannabigerovarinic acid A; (±)-cannabichromenic acid A;(±)-cannabichromevarinic acid A; cannabidiolic acid; cannabidivarinicacid; Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid A; Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinolic acidB; Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid-C₄ A; Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinolicacid-C₄ B; Δ⁹-tetrahydro-cannabivarinic acid A;Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabiorcolic acid A; Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabiorcolic acid B;(−)-Δ⁸-trans-(6aR,10aR)-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid A; cannabinolic acidA; (5aS,6S,9R,9aR)-cannabielsoic acid A; (5aS,6S,9R,9aR)-cannabielsoicacid B; (5aS,6S,9R,9aR)—C₃-cannabielsoic acid B; and(±)-(1aS,3aR,8bR,8cR)-cannabicyclolic acid A. The structures of variousacidic cannabinoids are set forth below.

In general, neutral cannabinoids (such as THC, CBD, CBG, CBN, and otherneutral cannabinoids) are present in the oils of the present invention(e.g., cannabis oil extracts or compositions comprising same) in amountsranging from about 0.001% (w/w) to about 99% (w/w). In certainembodiments, a neutral cannabinoid (such as THC, CBD, CBG, CBN, oranother neutral cannabinoid) will be present in an amount ranging fromabout 1% (w/w) to about 99% (w/w). A neutral cannabinoid (such as THC,CBD, CBG, CBN, or another neutral cannabinoid) can be present, forexample, in an amount ranging from about 0.01% (w/w) to about 0.05%(w/w), or from about 0.05% (w/w) to about 0.1% (w/w), or from about 0.1%(w/w) to about 0.2% (w/w), or from about 0.2% (w/w) to about 0.3% (w/w),or from about 0.3% (w/w) to about 0.4% (w/w), or from about 0.4% (w/w)to about 0.5% (w/w), or from about 0.5% (w/w) to about 0.6% (w/w), orfrom about 0.6% (w/w) to about 0.7% (w/w), or from about 0.7% (w/w) toabout 0.8% (w/w), or from about 0.8% (w/w) to about 0.9% (w/w), or fromabout 0.9% (w/w) to about 1% (w/w), or from about 1% (w/w) to about 5%(w/w), or from about 5% (w/w) to about 10% (w/w), or from about 10%(w/w) to about 15% (w/w), or from about 15% (w/w) to about 20% (w/w), orfrom about 20% (w/w) to about 25% (w/w), or from about 25% (w/w) toabout 30% (w/w), or from about 30% (w/w) to about 35% (w/w), or fromabout 35% (w/w) to about 40% (w/w), or from about 40% (w/w) to about 45%(w/w), or from about 45% (w/w) to about 50% (w/w), or from about 50%(w/w) to about 55% (w/w), or from about 55% (w/w) to about 60% (w/w), orfrom about 60% (w/w) to about 65% (w/w), or from about 65% (w/w) toabout 70% (w/w), or from about 70% (w/w) to about 75% (w/w), or fromabout 75% (w/w) to about 80% (w/w), or from about 80% (w/w) to about 85%(w/w), or from about 85% (w/w) to about 90% (w/w), or from about 90%(w/w) to about 95% (w/w), or from about 95% (w/w) to about 99% (w/w).

A neutral cannabinoid (such as THC, CBD, CBG, CBN, or another neutralcannabinoid) can be present in an amount ranging from about 0.01% (w/w)to about 1% (w/w), or from about 0.02% (w/w) to about 0.9% (w/w), orfrom about 0.03% (w/w) to about 0.8% (w/w), or from about 0.04% (w/w) toabout 0.7% (w/w), or from about 0.05% (w/w) to about 0.6% (w/w), or fromabout 0.06% (w/w) to about 0.5% (w/w), or from about 0.07% (w/w) toabout 0.4% (w/w), or from about 0.08% (w/w) to about 0.3% (w/w), or fromabout 0.09% (w/w) to about 0.2% (w/w). A neutral cannabinoid (such asTHC, CBD, CBG, CBN, or another neutral cannabinoid) can be present in anamount ranging from about 1% (w/w) to about 10% (w/w), or from about 2%(w/w) to about 9% (w/w), or from about 3% (w/w) to about 8% (w/w), orfrom about 4% (w/w) to about 7% (w/w), or from about 5% (w/w) to about6% (w/w). A neutral cannabinoid (such as THC, CBD, CBG, CBN, or anotherneutral cannabinoid) can be present in an amount ranging from about 5%(w/w) to about 99% (w/w), or from about 10% (w/w) to about 95% (w/w), orfrom about 15% (w/w) to about 90% (w/w), or from about 20% (w/w) toabout 85% (w/w), or from about 25% (w/w) to about 80% (w/w), or fromabout 30% (w/w) to about 75% (w/w), or from about 35% (w/w) to about 70%(w/w), or from about 40% (w/w) to about 65% (w/w), or from about 45%(w/w) to about 60% (w/w), or from about 50% (w/w) to about 55% (w/w).

Typically, THC will be present in an oil of the invention in an amountranging from about 1% (w/w) to about 95% (w/w). Typically, THC ispresent in an amount ranging from about 10% (w/w) to about 95% (w/w).THC can be present, for example, in an amount ranging from about 1%(w/w) to about 5% (w/w), or from about 5% (w/w) to about 10% (w/w), orfrom about 10% (w/w) to about 15% (w/w), or from about 15% (w/w) toabout 20% (w/w), or from about 20% (w/w) to about 25% (w/w), or fromabout 25% (w/w) to about 30% (w/w), or from about 30% (w/w) to about 35%(w/w), or from about 35% (w/w) to about 40% (w/w), or from about 40%(w/w) to about 45% (w/w), or from about 45% (w/w) to about 50% (w/w), orfrom about 50% (w/w) to about 55% (w/w), or from about 55% (w/w) toabout 60% (w/w), or from about 60% (w/w) to about 65% (w/w), or fromabout 65% (w/w) to about 70% (w/w), or from about 70% (w/w) to about 75%(w/w), or from about 75% (w/w) to about 80% (w/w), or from about 80%(w/w) to about 85% (w/w), or from about 85% (w/w) to about 90% (w/w), orfrom about 90% (w/w) to about 95% (w/w). THC can be present in an amountranging from about 5% (w/w) to about 95% (w/w), or from about 10% (w/w)to about 90% (w/w), or from about 15% (w/w) to about 85% (w/w), or fromabout 20% (w/w) to about 80% (w/w), or from about 25% (w/w) to about 75%(w/w), or from about 30% (w/w) to about 70% (w/w), or from about 35%(w/w) to about 65% (w/w), or from about 40% (w/w) to about 60% (w/w), orfrom about 45% (w/w) to about 55% (w/w).

In some embodiments, THC is present in an amount ranging from about 2%(w/w) to about 4% (w/w). In some embodiments, THC is present in anamount of about 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7% (w/w). In some embodiments, oilscontaining about 1-7% (w/w) THC (or other ranges between about 1% andabout 7%) are prepared using the AC/DC cannabis strain.

In some embodiments, THC is present in an amount ranging from about 15%(w/w) to about 18% (w/w), or from about 18% (w/w) to about 21% (w/w), orfrom about 21% (w/w) to about 24% (w/w), or from about 24% (w/w) toabout 27% (w/w), or from about 27% (w/w) to about 30% (w/w), or fromabout 30% (w/w) to about 33% (w/w), or from about 33% (w/w) to about 36%(w/w), or from about 36% (w/w) to about 39% (w/w), or from about 39%(w/w) to about 42% (w/w), or from about 42% (w/w) to about 45% (w/w). Insome embodiments, THC is present in an amount ranging from about 15%(w/w) to about 45% (w/w), or from about 18% (w/w) to about 42% (w/w), orfrom about 21% (w/w) to about 39% (w/w), or from about 24% (w/w) toabout 36% (w/w), or from about 27% (w/w) to about 33% (w/w). In someembodiments, THC is present in an amount of about 15, 16, 17, 18, 19,20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37,38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, or 45% (w/w). In some embodiments, oilscontaining about 15-45% (w/w) THC (or other ranges between about 15% andabout 45%) is prepared using a cannabis strain selected from BuddhaPassion, Cannatonic, Medihaze, Harle OG, Harle Tsu, Hopesprings,Elektra, and Harlequin. In some embodiments, oils containing about15-45% (w/w) THC (or other ranges between about 15% and about 45%) areprepared using the Cannatonic cannabis strain.

In some embodiments, THC is present in an amount ranging from about 50%(w/w) to about 53% (w/w), or from about 53% (w/w) to about 56% (w/w), orfrom about 56% (w/w) to about 60% (w/w), or from about 60% (w/w) toabout 63% (w/w), or from about 63% (w/w) to about 66% (w/w), or fromabout 66% (w/w) to about 69% (w/w), or from about 69% (w/w) to about 72%(w/w), or from about 72% (w/w) to about 75% (w/w), or from about 75%(w/w) to about 78% (w/w), or from about 78% (w/w) to about 81% (w/w), orfrom about 81% (w/w) to about 84% (w/w), or from about 84% (w/w) toabout 87% (w/w), or from about 87% (w/w) to about 90% (w/w). In someembodiments, THC is present in an amount ranging from about 50% (w/w) toabout 90% (w/w), or from about 55% (w/w) to about 87% (w/w), or fromabout 66% (w/w) to about 84% (w/w), or from about 69% (w/w) to about 81%(w/w), or from about 72% (w/w) to about 78% (w/w). In some embodiments,THC is present in an amount of about 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58,59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76,77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, or 90% (w/w). Insome embodiments, oils containing about 50-90% (w/w) THC (or otherranges between about 50% and about 90%) are prepared using a cannabisstrain selected from Blueberry, Afghan Goo, Infinite Euphoria, Snowcap,Blackberry Kush, Sour Kush, Blue Diesel, and Prize Kush. In someembodiments, oils containing about 50-90% (w/w) THC (or other rangesbetween about 50% and about 90%) are prepared using the Blueberrycannabis strain.

Typically, CBD will be present in an oil of the invention in an amountranging from about 0.1% (w/w) to about 99% (w/w). In some embodiments,CBD is present in an amount ranging from about 0.1% (w/w) to about 80%(w/w). CBD can be present, for example, in an amount ranging from about0.1% (w/w) to about 1% (w/w), or from about 1% (w/w) to about 5% (w/w),or from about 5% (w/w) to about 10% (w/w), or from about 10% (w/w) toabout 15% (w/w), or from about 15% (w/w) to about 20% (w/w), or fromabout 20% (w/w) to about 25% (w/w), or from about 25% (w/w) to about 30%(w/w), or from about 30% (w/w) to about 35% (w/w), or from about 35%(w/w) to about 40% (w/w), or from about 40% (w/w) to about 45% (w/w), orfrom about 45% (w/w) to about 50% (w/w), or from about 50% (w/w) toabout 55% (w/w), or from about 55% (w/w) to about 60% (w/w), or fromabout 60% (w/w) to about 65% (w/w), or from about 65% (w/w) to about 70%(w/w), or from about 70% (w/w) to about 75% (w/w), or from about 75%(w/w) to about 80% (w/w). CBD can be present, for example, in an amountranging from about 5% (w/w) to about 80% (w/w), or from about 10% (w/w)to about 75% (w/w), or from about 15% (w/w) to about 70% (w/w), or fromabout 20% (w/w) to about 65% (w/w), or from about 25% (w/w) to about 60%(w/w), or from about 30% (w/w) to about 55% (w/w), or from about 35%(w/w) to about 50% (w/w).

In some embodiments, CBD is present in an amount ranging from about 0.1%(w/w) to about 0.2% (w/w), or from about 0.2% (w/w) to about 0.6% (w/w),or from about 0.6% (w/w) to about 1% (w/w), or from about 1% (w/w) toabout 1.4% (w/w), or from about 1.4% (w/w) to about 1.8% (w/w), or fromabout 1.8% (w/w) to about 2.2% (w/w), or from about 2.2% (w/w) to about2.6% (w/w), or from about 2.6% (w/w) to about 3% (w/w), or from about 3%(w/w) to about 3.4% (w/w), or from about 3.4% (w/w) to about 3.8% (w/w),or from about 3.8% (w/w) to about 4.2% (w/w), or from about 4.2% (w/w)to about 4.6% (w/w), or from about 4.6% (w/w) to about 5% (w/w). In someembodiments, CBD is present in an amount ranging from about 0.2% (w/w)to about 5% (w/w), or from about 0.6% (w/w) to about 4.6% (w/w), or fromabout 1% (w/w) to about 4.2% (w/w), or from about 1.4% (w/w) to about3.8% (w/w), or from about 1.8% (w/w) to about 3.4% (w/w), or from about2.2% (w/w) to about 3% (w/w). In some embodiments, CBD is present in anamount of about 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, 2, 2.2,2.4, 2.6, 2.8, or 3% (w/w). In some embodiments, oils containing about0.1-5% (w/w) CBD (or other ranges between about 0.1% and about 5%) areprepared using a cannabis strain selected from Blueberry and Prize Cush.In some embodiments, oils containing about 0.1-5% (w/w) CBD (or otherranges between about 0.1% and about 5%) are prepared using the Blueberrycannabis strain.

In some embodiments, CBD is present in an amount ranging from about 25%(w/w) to about 30% (w/w), or from about 30% (w/w) to about 35% (w/w), orfrom about 35% (w/w) to about 40% (w/w), or from about 40% (w/w) toabout 45% (w/w), or from about 45% (w/w) to about 50% (w/w), or fromabout 50% (w/w) to about 55% (w/w). In some embodiments, CBD is presentin an amount ranging from about 25% (w/w) to about 55% (w/w), or fromabout 28% (w/w) to about 52% (w/w), or from about 31% (w/w) to about 49%(w/w), or from about 34% (w/w) to about 46% (w/w), or from about 37%(w/w) to about 43% (w/w). In some embodiments, CBD is present in anamount of about 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43,44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, or 50% (w/w). In some embodiments, oilscontaining about 25-55% (w/w) CBD (or other ranges between about 25% andabout 55%) are prepared using a cannabis strain selected fromCannatonic, Medihaze, and Harlequin. In some embodiments, oilscontaining about 25-55% (w/w) CBD (or other ranges between about 25% andabout 55%) are prepared using the Cannatonic cannabis strain.

In some embodiments, CBD is present in an amount ranging from about fromabout 50% (w/w) to about 55% (w/w), or from about 55% (w/w) to about 60%(w/w), or from about 60% (w/w) to about 65% (w/w), or from about 65%(w/w) to about 70% (w/w), or from about 70% (w/w) to about 75% (w/w), orfrom about 75% (w/w) to about 80% (w/w). In some embodiments, CBD ispresent in an amount from about 50% (w/w) to about 80% (w/w), or fromabout 53% (w/w) to about 77% (w/w), or from about 56% (w/w) to about 74%(w/w), or from about 59% (w/w) to about 71% (w/w), or from about 62%(w/w) to about 68% (w/w). In some embodiments, CBD is present in anamount of about 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64,65, 66, 67, 68, 69, or 70% (w/w). In some embodiments, oils containingabout 50-80% (w/w) CBD (or other ranges between about 50% and about 80%)are prepared using a cannabis strain selected from Cannatonic, Harle OG,Harle Tsu, and AC/DC. In some embodiments, oils containing about 50-80%(w/w) CBD (or other ranges between about 50% and about 80%) are preparedusing the AC/DC cannabis strain.

Typically, CBG will be present in an oil of the invention in an amountranging from about 0.1% (w/w) to about 80% (w/w). In some embodiments,CBG is present in an amount ranging from about 0.1% (w/w) to about 0.2%(w/w), or from about 0.2% (w/w) to about 0.6% (w/w), or from about 0.6%(w/w) to about 1% (w/w), or from about 1% (w/w) to about 1.4% (w/w), orfrom about 1.4% (w/w) to about 1.8% (w/w), or from about 1.8% (w/w) toabout 2.2% (w/w), or from about 2.2% (w/w) to about 2.6% (w/w), or fromabout 2.6% (w/w) to about 3% (w/w), or from about 3% (w/w) to about 3.4%(w/w), or from about 3.4% (w/w) to about 3.8% (w/w), or from about 3.8%(w/w) to about 4.2% (w/w), or from about 4.2% (w/w) to about 4.6% (w/w),or from about 4.6% (w/w) to about 5% (w/w). In some embodiments, CBG ispresent in an amount ranging from about 0.2% (w/w) to about 5% (w/w), orfrom about 0.6% (w/w) to about 4.6% (w/w), or from about 1% (w/w) toabout 4.2% (w/w), or from about 1.4% (w/w) to about 3.8% (w/w), or fromabout 1.8% (w/w) to about 3.4% (w/w), or from about 2.2% (w/w) to about3% (w/w). In some embodiments, CBG is present in an amount of about 0.1,0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, 2, 2.2, 2.4, 2.6, 2.8, or 3%(w/w). In some embodiments, oils containing about 0.1-5% (w/w) CBG (orother ranges between about 0.1% and about 5%) are prepared using acannabis strain selected from AC/DC, Cannatonic, and Blueberry.

In general, acidic cannabinoids (such as THCA, CBDA, CBGA, and otheracidic cannabinoids) are present in the oils of the present invention(e.g., cannabis oil extracts or compositions comprising same) in amountsranging from about 0.001% (w/w) to about 80% (w/w). In some embodiments,an acidic cannabinoid (such as THCA, CBDA, CBGA, or another acidiccannabinoid) will be present in an amount ranging from about 0.001%(w/w) to about 50% (w/w). An acidic cannabinoid (such as THCA, CBDA,CBGA, or another acidic cannabinoid) can be present, for example, in anamount ranging from about 0.01% (w/w) to about 0.050% (w/w), or fromabout 0.050% (w/w) to about 0.1% (w/w), or from about 0.1% (w/w) toabout 0.2% (w/w), or from about 0.2% (w/w) to about 0.3% (w/w), or fromabout 0.3% (w/w) to about 0.4% (w/w), or from about 0.4% (w/w) to about0.5% (w/w), or from about 0.5% (w/w) to about 0.6% (w/w), or from about0.6% (w/w) to about 0.7% (w/w), or from about 0.7% (w/w) to about 0.8%(w/w), or from about 0.8% (w/w) to about 0.9% (w/w), or from about 0.9%(w/w) to about 1% (w/w), or from about 1% (w/w) to about 5% (w/w), orfrom about 5% (w/w) to about 10% (w/w), or from about 10% (w/w) to about15% (w/w), or from about 15% (w/w) to about 20% (w/w), or from about 20%(w/w) to about 25% (w/w), or from about 25% (w/w) to about 30% (w/w), orfrom about 30% (w/w) to about 35% (w/w), or from about 35% (w/w) toabout 40% (w/w), or from about 40% (w/w) to about 45% (w/w), or fromabout 45% (w/w) to about 50% (w/w), or from about 50% (w/w) to about 55%(w/w), or from about 55% (w/w) to about 60% (w/w), or from about 60%(w/w) to about 65% (w/w), or from about 65% (w/w) to about 70% (w/w), orfrom about 70% (w/w) to about 75% (w/w), or from about 75% (w/w) toabout 80% (w/w).

An acidic cannabinoid (such as THCA, CBDA, CBGA, or another acidiccannabinoid) can be present in an amount ranging from about 0.01% (w/w)to about 1% (w/w), or from about 0.02% (w/w) to about 0.9% (w/w), orfrom about 0.03% (w/w) to about 0.8% (w/w), or from about 0.04% (w/w) toabout 0.7% (w/w), or from about 0.05% (w/w) to about 0.6% (w/w), or fromabout 0.06% (w/w) to about 0.5% (w/w), or from about 0.07% (w/w) toabout 0.4% (w/w), or from about 0.08% (w/w) to about 0.3% (w/w), or fromabout 0.09% (w/w) to about 0.2% (w/w). An acidic cannabinoid (such asTHCA, CBDA, CBGA, or another acidic cannabinoid) can be present in anamount ranging from about 1% (w/w) to about 10% (w/w), or from about 2%(w/w) to about 9% (w/w), or from about 3% (w/w) to about 8% (w/w), orfrom about 4% (w/w) to about 7% (w/w), or from about 5% (w/w) to about6% (w/w).

An acidic cannabinoid (such as THCA, CBDA, CBGA, or another acidiccannabinoid) can be present in an amount ranging from about 5% (w/w) toabout 50% (w/w), or from about 8% (w/w) to about 48% (w/w), or fromabout 10% (w/w) to about 46% (w/w), or from about 12% (w/w) to about 44%(w/w), or from about 14% (w/w) to about 42% (w/w), or from about 16%(w/w) to about 40% (w/w), or from about 18% (w/w) to about 38% (w/w), orfrom about 20% (w/w) to about 36% (w/w), or from about 22% (w/w) toabout 34% (w/w), or from about 24% (w/w) to about 32% (w/w), or fromabout 26% (w/w) to about 30% (w/w). An acidic cannabinoid (such as THCA,CBDA, CBGA, or another acidic cannabinoid) can be present in an amountranging from about 50% (w/w) to about 75% (w/w), or from about 52% (w/w)to about 74% (w/w), or from about 54% (w/w) to about 72% (w/w), or fromabout 56% (w/w) to about 70% (w/w), or from about 58% (w/w) to about 68%(w/w), or from about 60% (w/w) to about 66% (w/w), or from about 62%(w/w) to about 64% (w/w).

B. Terpenes

As noted above, cannabis oils of the present invention (e.g., cannabisoil extracts or compositions comprising same) generally contain at leastone terpene compound. Terpenes are hydrocarbon compounds having carbonskeletons derived from isoprene (i.e., CH₂═C(CH)₃CH═CH₂). Carbon atomsin the terpene backbone can bear oxygen substituents such as hydroxyl,oxo, and carboxy groups. Terpenes present in the cannabis oils of theinvention include, but are not limited to, C₅ hemiterpenes, C₁₀monoterpenes, C₁₅ sesquiterpenes, C₂₀ diterpenes, and combinationsthereof. Examples of terpenes include, but are not limited to:β-caryophyllene[(1R,4E,9S)-4,11,11-trimethyl-8-methylene-bicyclo(7.2.0)undec-4-ene];β-caryophyllene oxide; citronellol [3,7-dimethyl-6-octen-1-ol];α-eudesmol[2-[(2R,4aR)-4a,8-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,8a-hexahydro-1H-naphthalen-2-yl]propan-2-ol];β-eudesmol[2-[(2R,4aR,8aS)-4a-methyl-8-methylidene-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8a-octahydronaphthalen-2-yl]propan-2-ol];γ-eudesmol[2-[(2R,4aR)-4a,8-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7-hexahydro-1H-naphthalen-2-yl]propan-2-ol];geraniol [(2E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-ol]; guaiol[2-[(3S,5R,8S)-3,8-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydroazulen-5-yl]propan-2-ol];α-humulene [(1E,4E,8E)-2,6,6,9-tetramethylcycloundeca-1,4,8-triene];β-humulene [(1E,5E)-1,4,4-trimethyl-8-methylidenecycloundeca-1,5-diene];γ-humulene [(1Z,6E)-1,8,8-trimethyl-5-methylidenecycloundeca-1,6-diene];D-limonene [(4R)-1-methyl-4-prop-1-en-2-ylcyclohexene]; L-limonene[(4S)-1-methyl-4-prop-1-en-2-ylcyclohexene]; (−)-linalool[(3R)-3,7-dimethylocta-1,6-dien-3-ol]; (+)-linalool[(3S)-3,7-dimethylocta-1,6-dien-3-ol]; α-myrcene[2-methyl-6-methylideneocta-1,7-diene]; β-myrcene[7-methyl-3-methylideneocta-1,6-diene]; nerol[(2Z)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-ol]; cis-nerolidol[(6Z)-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-1,6,10-trien-3-ol]; trans-nerolidol[(6E)-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-1,6,10-trien-3-ol]; α-ocimene[(3E)-3,7-dimethylocta-1,3,7-triene]; β-ocimene[(3E)-3,7-dimethylocta-1,3,6-triene]; p-cymene[1-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)benzene]; α-phellandrene[2-methyl-5-propan-2-ylcyclohexa-1,3-diene]; β-phellandrene[3-methylidene-6-propan-2-ylcyclohexene]; cis-phytol[(Z,7R,11R)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-2-en-1-ol]; trans-phytol[(E,7R,11R)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-2-en-1-ol]; (−)-α-pinene[(1S,5S)-4,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-ene]; (−)-β-pinene[(1S,5S)-6,6-dimethyl-4-methylidenebicyclo[3.1.1]heptane]; (+)-α-pinene[(1R,5R)-4,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-ene]; (+)-β-pinene[(1R,5R)-6,6-dimethyl-4-methylidenebicyclo[3.1.1]heptane]; (−)-pulegone[(5S)-5-methyl-2-propan-2-ylidenecyclohexan-1-one]; (+)-pulegone[(5R)-5-methyl-2-propan-2-ylidenecyclohexan-1-one]; α-terpinene[1-methyl-4-propan-2-ylcyclohexa-1,3-diene]; 6-terpinene[5-methyl-2-propan-2-ylcyclohexa-1,3-diene]; γ-terpinene[1-methyl-4-propan-2-ylcyclohexa-1,4-diene]; α-terpineol[2-(4-methylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl)propan-2-ol]; γ-terpineol[1-methyl-4-propan-2-ylidenecyclohexan-1-ol]; (+)-valencene[(3R,4aS,5R)-4a,5-dimethyl-3-prop-1-en-2-yl-2,3,4,5,6,7-hexahydro-1H-naphthalene];and combinations thereof.

In some embodiments, the invention provides an oil containing one moreterpenes selected from β-myrcene, linalool, α-terpineol,β-caryophyllene, β-caryophyllene oxide, α-humulene, valencene,cis-nerolidol, guaiol, α-eudesmol, β-eudesmol, γ-eudesmol, andα-bisabolol. In some embodiments, the oil contains one or more terpenesselected from linalool, β-caryophyllene, β-caryophyllene oxide,α-humulene, cis-nerolidol, guaiol, α-eudesmol, and α-bisabolol.

In general, terpenes are present in the oils of the invention in totalamounts ranging from about 0.1% (w/w) to about 15% (w/w). For example,the total terpene content can range from about 0.1% (w/w) to about 0.2%(w/w), or from about 0.2% (w/w) to about 0.3% (w/w), or from about 0.3%(w/w) to about 0.4% (w/w), or from about 0.4% (w/w) to about 0.5% (w/w),or from about 0.5% (w/w) to about 0.6% (w/w), or from about 0.6% (w/w)to about 0.7% (w/w), or from about 0.7% (w/w) to about 0.8% (w/w), orfrom about 0.8% (w/w) to about 0.9% (w/w), or from about 0.9% (w/w) toabout 1% (w/w). The total terpene content can range from about 1% (w/w)to about 2% (w/w), or from about 2% (w/w) to about 3% (w/w), or fromabout 3% (w/w) to about 4% (w/w), or from about 4% (w/w) to about 5%(w/w), or from about 5% (w/w) to about 6% (w/w), or from about 6% (w/w)to about 7% (w/w), or from about 7% (w/w) to about 8% (w/w), or fromabout 8% (w/w) to about 9% (w/w), or from about 9% (w/w) to about 10%(w/w), or from about 10% (w/w) to about 11% (w/w), or from about 11%(w/w) to about 12% (w/w), or from about 12% (w/w) to about 13% (w/w), orfrom about 13% (w/w) to about 14% (w/w), or from about 14% (w/w) toabout 15% (w/w).

In some embodiments, the invention provides oils with total terpenecontent ranging from about 0.1% (w/w) to about 1% (w/w), or from about0.2% (w/w) to about 0.9% (w/w), or from about 0.3% (w/w) to about 0.8%(w/w), or from about 0.4% (w/w) to about 0.7% (w/w), or from about 0.5%(w/w) to about 0.6% (w/w). In some embodiments, the total terpenecontent ranges from about 1% (w/w) to about 15% (w/w), or from about 2%(w/w) to about 130% (w/w), or from about 30% (w/w) to about 110% (w/w),or from about 4% (w/w) to about 9% (w/w), or from about 5% (w/w) toabout 7% (w/w).

In some embodiments, the invention provides oils wherein linalool ispresent in an amount ranging from about 0% (w/w) to about 0.1% (w/w), orfrom about 0.1% (w/w) to about 0.2% (w/w), or from about 0.2% (w/w) toabout 0.3% (w/w), or from about 0.3% (w/w) to about 0.4% (w/w). In someembodiments, the invention provides oils wherein linalool is present inan amount ranging from about 0.4% (w/w) to about 0.6% (w/w), or fromabout 0.6% (w/w) to about 0.9% (w/w), or from about 0.9% (w/w) to about1.2% (w/w), or from about 1.2% (w/w) to about 1.5% (w/w), or from about1.5% (w/w) to about 1.8% (w/w), or from about 1.8% (w/w) to about 2.1%(w/w), or from about 2.1% (w/w) to about 2.4% (w/w), or from about 2.4%(w/w) to about 2.7% (w/w), or from about 2.7% (w/w) to about 3% (w/w).

In some embodiments, the invention provides oils wherein β-caryophylleneis present in an amount ranging from about 0.2% (w/w) to about 0.3%(w/w), or from about 0.3% (w/w) to about 0.4% (w/w), or from about 0.4%(w/w) to about 0.5% (w/w), or from about 0.5% (w/w) to about 0.6% (w/w),or from about 0.6% (w/w) to about 0.7% (w/w), or from about 0.7% (w/w)to about 0.8% (w/w), or from about 0.8% (w/w) to about 0.9% (w/w), orfrom about 0.9% (w/w) to about 1.0% (w/w), or from about 1.0% (w/w) toabout 1.1% (w/w). In some embodiments, the invention provides oilswherein β-caryophyllene is present in an amount ranging from about 1.1%(w/w) to about 1.5% (w/w), or from about 1.5% (w/w) to about 1.8% (w/w),or from about 1.8% (w/w) to about 2.1% (w/w), or from about 2.1% (w/w)to about 2.4% (w/w), or from about 2.4% (w/w) to about 2.7% (w/w), orfrom about 2.7% (w/w) to about 3% (w/w).

In some embodiments, the invention provides oils wherein α-humulene ispresent in an amount ranging from about 0.1% (w/w) to about 0.2% (w/w),or from about 0.2% (w/w) to about 0.3% (w/w), or from about 0.3% (w/w)to about 0.4% (w/w), or from about 0.4% (w/w) to about 0.5% (w/w), orfrom about 0.5% (w/w) to about 0.6% (w/w). In some embodiments, theinvention provides oils wherein α-humulene is present in an amountranging from about 0.6% (w/w) to about 0.9% (w/w), or from about 0.9%(w/w) to about 1.2% (w/w), or from about 1.2% (w/w) to about 1.5% (w/w),or from about 1.5% (w/w) to about 1.8% (w/w), or from about 1.8% (w/w)to about 2.1% (w/w), or from about 2.1% (w/w) to about 2.4% (w/w), orfrom about 2.4% (w/w) to about 2.7% (w/w), or from about 2.7% (w/w) toabout 3% (w/w).

In some embodiments, the invention provides oils wherein cis-nerolidolis present in an amount ranging from about 0.1% (w/w) to about 0.2%(w/w), or from about 0.2% (w/w) to about 0.3% (w/w), or from about 0.3%(w/w) to about 0.4% (w/w), or from about 0.4% (w/w) to about 0.5% (w/w),or from about 0.5% (w/w) to about 0.6% (w/w), or from about 0.6% (w/w)to about 0.7% (w/w), or from about 0.7% (w/w) to about 0.8% (w/w), orfrom about 0.8% (w/w) to about 0.9% (w/w). In some embodiments, theinvention provides oils wherein cis-nerolidol is present in an amountranging from about 0.9% (w/w) to about 1.2% (w/w), or from about 1.2%(w/w) to about 1.5% (w/w), or from about 1.5% (w/w) to about 1.8% (w/w),or from about 1.8% (w/w) to about 2.1% (w/w), or from about 2.1% (w/w)to about 2.4% (w/w), or from about 2.4% (w/w) to about 2.7% (w/w), orfrom about 2.7% (w/w) to about 3% (w/w).

In some embodiments, the invention provides oils wherein β-caryophylleneoxide is present in an amount ranging from about 0.1% (w/w) to about0.2% (w/w), or from about 0.2% (w/w) to about 0.3% (w/w), or from about0.3% (w/w) to about 0.4% (w/w). In some embodiments, the inventionprovides oils wherein β-caryophyllene oxide is present in an amountranging from about 0.4% (w/w) to about 0.6% (w/w), or from about 0.6%(w/w) to about 0.9% (w/w), or from about 0.9% (w/w) to about 1.2% (w/w),or from about 1.2% (w/w) to about 1.5% (w/w), or from about 1.5% (w/w)to about 1.8% (w/w), or from about 1.8% (w/w) to about 2.1% (w/w), orfrom about 2.1% (w/w) to about 2.4% (w/w), or from about 2.4% (w/w) toabout 2.7% (w/w), or from about 2.7% (w/w) to about 3% (w/w).

In some embodiments, the invention provides oils wherein guaiol ispresent in an amount ranging from about 0.0% (w/w) to about 0.1% (w/w),or from about 0.1% (w/w) to about 0.2% (w/w), or from about 0.2% (w/w)to about 0.3% (w/w), or from about 0.3% (w/w) to about 0.4% (w/w), orfrom about 0.4% (w/w) to about 0.5% (w/w), or from about 0.5% (w/w) toabout 0.6% (w/w), or from about 0.6% (w/w) to about 0.7% (w/w). In someembodiments, the invention provides oils wherein guaiol is present in anamount ranging from about 0.7% (w/w) to about 0.9% (w/w), or from about0.9% (w/w) to about 1.2% (w/w), or from about 1.2% (w/w) to about 1.5%(w/w), or from about 1.5% (w/w) to about 1.8% (w/w), or from about 1.8%(w/w) to about 2.1% (w/w), or from about 2.1% (w/w) to about 2.4% (w/w),or from about 2.4% (w/w) to about 2.7% (w/w), or from about 2.7% (w/w)to about 3% (w/w).

In some embodiments, the invention provides oils wherein β-eudesmol ispresent in an amount ranging from about 0.0% (w/w) to about 0.1% (w/w),or from about 0.1% (w/w) to about 0.2% (w/w), or from about 0.2% (w/w)to about 0.3% (w/w), or from about 0.3% (w/w) to about 0.4% (w/w), orfrom about 0.4% (w/w) to about 0.6% (w/w). In some embodiments, theinvention provides oils wherein β-eudesmol is present in an amountranging from about 0.6% (w/w) to about 0.9% (w/w), or from about 0.9%(w/w) to about 1.2% (w/w), or from about 1.2% (w/w) to about 1.5% (w/w),or from about 1.5% (w/w) to about 1.8% (w/w), or from about 1.80% (w/w)to about 2.1% (w/w), or from about 2.1% (w/w) to about 2.4% (w/w), orfrom about 2.4% (w/w) to about 2.7% (w/w), or from about 2.7% (w/w) toabout 3% (w/w).

In some embodiments, the invention provides oils wherein α-bisalobol ispresent in an amount ranging from about 0.0% (w/w) to about 0.1% (w/w),or from about 0.1% (w/w) to about 0.2% (w/w), or from about 0.2% (w/w)to about 0.3% (w/w), or from about 0.3% (w/w) to about 0.4% (w/w), orfrom about 0.4% (w/w) to about 0.5% (w/w), or from about 0.5% (w/w) toabout 0.6% (w/w), or from about 0.6% (w/w) to about 0.7% (w/w), or fromabout 0.7% (w/w) to about 0.8% (w/w), or from about 0.8% (w/w) to about0.9% (w/w), or from about 0.9% (w/w) to about 1.0% (w/w), or from about1.0% (w/w) to about 1.1% (w/w). In some embodiments, the inventionprovides oils wherein α-bisalobol is present in an amount ranging fromabout 1.1% (w/w) to about 1.5% (w/w), or from about 1.5% (w/w) to about1.8% (w/w), or from about 1.8% (w/w) to about 2.1% (w/w), or from about2.1% (w/w) to about 2.4% (w/w), or from about 2.4% (w/w) to about 2.7%(w/w), or from about 2.7% (w/w) to about 3% (w/w).

In some embodiments, the invention provides a cannabis oil prepared fromthe AC/DC cannabis strain, wherein the oil contains: THC in an amountranging from about 1% (w/w) to about 3% (w/w); CBD in an amount rangingfrom about 58% (w/w) to about 66% (w/w); CBG in an amount ranging from2% (w/w) to about 4% (w/w); and CBN in an amount ranging from about0.05% (w/w) to about 0.15% (w/w). In some embodiments, the cannabis oilprepared from the AC/DC cannabis strain further contains CBDA in anamount ranging from about 0.2% (w/w) to about 0.9% (w/w).

In some embodiments, the cannabis oil prepared from the AC/DC cannabisstrain further contains linalool in an amount ranging from about 0.1%(w/w) to about 0.3% (w/w). In some embodiments, the cannabis oilprepared from the AC/DC cannabis strain further contains β-caryophyllenein an amount ranging from about 0.5% (w/w) to about 0.9% (w/w). In someembodiments, the cannabis oil prepared from the AC/DC cannabis strainfurther contains β-caryophyllene oxide in an amount ranging from about0.01% (w/w) to about 0.3% (w/w). In some embodiments, the cannabis oilprepared from the AC/DC cannabis strain further contains α-humulene inan amount ranging from about 0.2% (w/w) to about 0.5% (w/w). In someembodiments, the cannabis oil prepared from the AC/DC cannabis strainfurther contains cis-nerolidol in an amount ranging from about 0.1%(w/w) to about 0.3% (w/w). In some embodiments, the cannabis oilprepared from the AC/DC cannabis strain further contains guaiol in anamount ranging from about 0.3% (w/w) to about 0.7% (w/w). In someembodiments, the cannabis oil prepared from the AC/DC cannabis strainfurther contains α-eudesmol in an amount ranging from about 0.4% (w/w)to about 0.5% (w/w). In some embodiments, the cannabis oil prepared fromthe AC/DC cannabis strain further contains β-eudesmol in an amountranging from about 0.3% (w/w) to about 0.4% (w/w). In some embodiments,the cannabis oil prepared from the AC/DC cannabis strain furthercontains γ-eudesmol in an amount ranging from about 0.1% (w/w) to about0.2% (w/w). In some embodiments, the cannabis oil prepared from theAC/DC cannabis strain further contains α-bisabolol in an amount rangingfrom about 0.8% (w/w) to about 1.1% (w/w). In some such embodiments, thecannabis oil prepared from the AC/DC cannabis strain contains terpenesin a total amount ranging from about 4% (w/w) to about 7% (w/w).

In some embodiments, the invention provides a cannabis oil prepared fromthe Cannatonic cannabis strain, wherein the oil contains: THC in anamount ranging from about 2% (w/w) to about 40% (w/w); CBD in an amountranging from about 30% (w/w) to about 70% (w/w); CBG in an amountranging from 1% (w/w) to about 4% (w/w); and CBN in an amount rangingfrom about 0.01% (w/w) to about 2% (w/w). In some embodiments, thecannabis oil prepared from the Cannatonic cannabis strain furthercontains CBDA in an amount ranging from about 0.01% (w/w) to about 0.3%(w/w). In some embodiments, the cannabis oil prepared from theCannatonic cannabis strain further contains CBGA in an amount rangingfrom about 0.07% (w/w) to about 0.3% (w/w).

In some embodiments, the cannabis oil prepared from the Cannatoniccannabis strain further contains linalool in an amount ranging fromabout 0.1% (w/w) to about 0.3% (w/w). In some embodiments, the cannabisoil prepared from the Cannatonic cannabis strain further containsβ-caryophyllene in an amount ranging from about 0.5% (w/w) to about 0.7%(w/w). In some embodiments, the cannabis oil prepared from theCannatonic cannabis strain further contains α-humulene in an amountranging from about 0.3% (w/w) to about 0.4% (w/w). In some embodiments,the cannabis oil prepared from the Cannatonic cannabis strain furthercontains cis-nerolidol in an amount ranging from about 0.1% (w/w) toabout 0.3% (w/w). In some embodiments, the cannabis oil prepared fromthe Cannatonic cannabis strain further contains guaiol in an amountranging from about 0.2% (w/w) to about 0.4% (w/w). In some embodiments,the cannabis oil prepared from the Cannatonic cannabis strain furthercontains α-eudesmol in an amount ranging from about 0.1% (w/w) to about0.3% (w/w). In some embodiments, the cannabis oil prepared from theCannatonic cannabis strain further contains β-eudesmol in an amountranging from about 0.1% (w/w) to about 0.2% (w/w). In some embodiments,the cannabis oil prepared from the Cannatonic cannabis strain furthercontains α-bisabolol in an amount ranging from about 0.1% (w/w) to about0.3% (w/w). In some such embodiments, the cannabis oil prepared from theCannatonic cannabis strain contains terpenes in a total amount rangingfrom about 0.5% (w/w) to about 3.5% (w/w).

In some embodiments, the invention provides a cannabis oil prepared fromthe Blueberry cannabis strain, wherein the oil contains: THC in anamount ranging from about 60% (w/w) to about 80% (w/w); CBD in an amountranging from about 0.5% (w/w) to about 2.5% (w/w); CBG in an amountranging from 1% (w/w) to about 2% (w/w); and CBN in an amount rangingfrom about 0.5% (w/w) to about 1.5% (w/w). In some embodiments, thecannabis oil prepared from the Blueberry cannabis strain furthercontains THCA in an amount ranging from about 0.1% (w/w) to about 0.5%(w/w). In some embodiments, the cannabis oil prepared from the Blueberrycannabis strain further contains CBDA in an amount ranging from about0.01% (w/w) to about 0.3% (w/w). In some embodiments, the cannabis oilprepared from the Blueberry cannabis strain further contains CBGA in anamount ranging from about 0.1% (w/w) to about 0.5% (w/w).

In some embodiments, the cannabis oil prepared from the Blueberrycannabis strain further contains linalool in an amount ranging fromabout 0.3% (w/w) to about 0.4% (w/w). In some embodiments, the cannabisoil prepared from the Blueberry cannabis strain further containsα-terpineol in an amount ranging from about 0.1% (w/w) to about 0.2%(w/w). In some embodiments, the cannabis oil prepared from the Blueberrycannabis strain further contains β-caryophyllene in an amount rangingfrom about 0.7% (w/w) to about 1.0% (w/w). In some embodiments, thecannabis oil prepared from the Blueberry cannabis strain furthercontains β-caryophyllene oxide in an amount ranging from about 0.1%(w/w) to about 0.2% (w/w). In some embodiments, the cannabis oilprepared from the Blueberry cannabis strain further contains α-humulenein an amount ranging from about 0.4% (w/w) to about 0.6% (w/w). In someembodiments, the cannabis oil prepared from the Blueberry cannabisstrain further contains valencene in an amount ranging from about 0.1%(w/w) to about 0.2% (w/w). In some embodiments, the cannabis oilprepared from the Blueberry cannabis strain further containscis-nerolidol in an amount ranging from about 0.4% (w/w) to about 0.6%(w/w). In some embodiments, the cannabis oil prepared from the Blueberrycannabis strain further contains α-eudesmol in an amount ranging fromabout 0.1% (w/w) to about 0.2% (w/w). In some such embodiments, thecannabis oil prepared from the Blueberry cannabis strain containsterpenes in a total amount ranging from about 3% (w/w) to about 5%(w/w).

Experimental procedures for determining the cannabinoid and terpenecomposition of the strains of cannabis used in the disclosure herein canbe performed using known techniques in the art. The extract, any aliquottaken during the extraction procedure, or the plant material itself canbe used in any of the quantitative analysis techniques used. Thosetechniques include, but are not limited to, liquid chromatography, massspectrometry, and gas chromatography. A person of skill in the art willrecognize that there are many other techniques available to determinecannabinoid and terpene composition of the cannabis strains used herein.

C. Essential Oils and Other Additives

In certain embodiments, one or more essential oils are added to theextracted cannabis oil to provide properties such as improvedpalatability. Essential oils can also provide antioxidant andpreservative properties in the cannabis oil compositions. The identityand amount of the essential oil(s) added can depend in part on factorsincluding the strain of cannabis that has been extracted and the desiredorganoleptic properties. In general, the amount of total essential oilsadded to a cannabis extract will range from about 0.01% (w/w) to about10% (w/w) or more. The total amount of essential oils added can range,for example, from about 0.01% (w/w) to about 0.5% (w/w), or from about0.5% (w/w) to about 1% (w/w), or from about 1% (w/w) to about 2% (w/w),or from about 2% (w/w) to about 3% (w/w), or from about 3% (w/w) toabout 4% (w/w), or from about 4% (w/w) to about 5% (w/w), or from about5% (w/w) to about 6% (w/w), or from about 6% (w/w) to about 7% (w/w), orfrom about 7% (w/w) to about 8% (w/w), or from about 8% (w/w) to about9% (w/w), or from about 9% (w/w) to about 10% (w/w). In someembodiments, the amount of total essential oils added is about 0.05%(w/w). In some embodiments, the total amount of essential oils added isabout 1.7% (w/w). In some embodiments, the total amount of essentialoils added is about 2.5% (w/w). The % (w/w) values indicated are basedon the amount of essential oil added to the amount of total cannabisextract (including vitamin E or additives other than the essential oil,if applicable).

In some embodiments, the cannabis oil extract includes one or more addedessential oils selected from bergamot essential oil, blood orangeessential oil, neroli essential oil, peppermint essential oil, andspearmint essential oil. In some embodiments, the cannabis oil extractincludes Vitamin E and one or more essential oils selected from bergamotessential oil, blood orange essential oil, neroli essential oil,peppermint essential oil, and spearmint essential oil.

In some embodiments, the cannabis oil extract includes one or more addedessential oils selected from bergamot essential oil, blood orangeessential oil, and neroli essential oil. In some embodiments, thecannabis oil extract includes Vitamin E and one or more added essentialoils selected from bergamot essential oil, blood orange essential oil,and neroli essential oil.

In some embodiments, the cannabis oil extract includes one or more addedessential oils selected from peppermint essential oil and spearmintessential oil. In some embodiments, the cannabis oil extract includesVitamin E and one or more added essential oils selected from peppermintessential oil and spearmint essential oil.

In some embodiments, the cannabis oil extract includes one or more addedessential oils selected from a lavender essential oil and lemongrassessential oil. In some embodiments, the cannabis oil extract includesVitamin E and one or more added essential oils selected from a lavenderessential oil and a lemongrass essential oil.

In some embodiments, the cannabis oil extract includes one or more addedessential oils selected from Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis spp),Peppermint (Mentha piperita spp), Lemon (Citrus limon spp), Lavender(Lavendula angustifolia spp) and Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia spp). Insome embodiments, the cannabis oil extract includes Vitamin E and one ormore essential oils selected from Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis spp),Peppermint (Mentha piperita spp), Lemon (Citrus limon spp), Lavender(Lavendula angustifolia spp) and Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia spp).

Other essential oils that can be used in the compositions of theinvention include, but are not limited to: Agarwood; Agarwood Attar;Ahibero; Allspice; Almond, bitter; Amber Oil; Ambrette Seed; Amyris;Angelica Root; Angelica Seed; Aniseed; Anise; Anise (star); Armoise(Mugwort); Artemisia vestita; Asafoetida; Bakul; Balsam of Peru Oil;Balsam of Peru Resin; Balsamite; Baobab Oil; Basil, Sweet ct Linalool;Basil, Sweet ct Linalool—Organic; Basil, Sweet ct MethylChavicol—Organic; Bay; Beeswax; Bergamot; Birch; Boldo; Boronia; BlackCumin; Black Currant Bud; Blue Lotus Attar; Broom; Buchu; Bupleurum(Bupleurum fruticosum); Buddha wood; Butter; Cabreuva; Cade; Cajuput;Calamus; Calendula; Camomile (or Chamomile); Camphor; Cananga;Cangerana; Cape Chamomile (Ericephalus punctulatus) S. Africa, WildHarvest; Cape May; Caraway; Caraway; Cardamom; Carnation; Carrot Seed;Cascarilla; Cassia; Cassie; Catnip; Cedar (Cedrus) India; Cedarwood;Cedarwood, Atlas—Organic; Cedarwood, Himalayan; Cedarwood, Texas;Cedarwood, Virginia; Celery leaf, Celery Seed; Chamomile, Blue;Chamomile; Chamomile, Roman (Anthemis nobilis); Champa Attar (Micheliachampaca) India; Champaca; Chaste tree; Cilantro; Cinnamon; CinnamonBark; Cistus; Cistus (Cistus ladanferus) Corsica; Citronella; Clary SageAbsolute; Clary Sage, Bulgaria; Clary Sage, Russia; Clary Sage, USA;Clementine; Clove; Clove Bud; Cacao; Coconut Pulp; Coffee Bean Oil;Cognac, Green; Coleus; Combava (fruit or leaf); Copaiba; Coriander;Coriander Seed; Cucumber Hydrosol; Cumin; Cumin Seed; Cypress Leaf,Cypress, Blue; Davana; Dill; Elemi; Eucalyptus, Blue Gum; Eucalyptus,Blue Mallee; Eucalyptus, Lemon; Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) Bulgaria;Fennel, Sweet; Fenugreek; Fern (sweet); Fleabane; Fir Needle; Fir,Balsam; Fir, Douglas; Fir, Silver; Fragonia; Frankincense, India;Frankincense, Somalia; Frankincense Frereana; Frankincense, Oman;Frankincense, Oman; Frankincense, Somalia; Galangal; Galbanum; Geranium;Geranium, Egypt; Geranium, Rose; Geranium, South Africa; Ghandi root;Ginger; Ginger Lily; Ginger, Fresh; Gingergrass (Cymbopogon martinii);Goldenrod; Grapefruit, Pink; Grapefruit, Ruby Red; Grapefruit, White;Hay; Helichrysum, Albania; Helichrysum, Croatia; Hina Attar, India; Hop;Hyssop Decumbens; Hyssop; Immortelle; Jasmine Absolute, Egypt; JasmineAbsolute, India; Jasmine Concrete; Jasmine; Jasmine Sambac; Jatamansi,(Nardostachs jatamansi); Juniper; Juniper Berry (Juniperus communis);Juniper Leaf/Berry; Kaffir Lime; Kava Kava; Labdanum; Larch needle;Laurel (Laurus nobilis) Corsica; Laurel Leaf, Lavandin, Grosso;Lavender—High Elevation; Lavender—Wild; Lavender Absolute; LavenderHydrosol; Lavender, Bulgaria; Lavender, France; Lavender, Maillette;Leleshwa; Lemon; Lemon Tea Tree; Lemon verbena; Lemongrass; Lentisque(Pistacia lentiscus) Corsica; Lime; Lime Essence Oil; Lime, Distilled;Liquidambar (Styrax); Longoza; Lotus Absolute, Pink; Lotus Absolute,White; Lovage leaf, Lovage root; Magnolia flower; Mandarin; Mandarin,Green; Mandarin, Red; Mandarin, Yellow; Mango ginger; Marjoram; Marulaoil; Melissa; Mint; Mint, Himalayan (Mentha arvensis); Mitti Attar;Motia Attar (Jasmine sambac) India; Mugwort; Mustard; Myrrh; Myrtle,Green; Myrtle (Myrtus communis); Nagarmotha (Cypriol); Neem (Azadirachtaindica) India; Neroli; Niaouli; Nutmeg; Nut grass; Oakmoss Absolute;Oakwood; Opopanax, Sweet Myrrh (Commiphora guidotti); Orange, Blood;Orange, Sweet; Orange, Wild; Orange Blossom; Orange Essence Oil; Orange,Bitter Green; Orange, Bitter Red; Oregano; Orris Butter; OsmanthusAbsolute; Palmarosa; Palmarosa, Nepal; Palmarosa, Sri Lanka; Palo Santo(Bursera graveolens); Palo Santo; Patchouli; Absolute; Patchouli, Dark;Patchouli, Light; Patchouli, Sri Lanka; Pennyroyal; Pepper, Black;Peppercorn, Pink; Peppermint, Chocolate; Peppermint, France; Peppermint,India; Peppermint, USA; Petitgrain Absolute; Petitgrain Bigarade;Petitgrain sur Fleurs; Petitgrain, Mandarin; Pimento; Pine; PinionJuniper Co-distillation, Colorado, Wild Harvest; Pinon Pine (Pinusedulis) Colorado, Wild Harvest; Pitta blend (Lavender, Rose Geranium,Ruh Khus); Plai; Pomegranate Seed; Rhododendron (Rhododendronanthopogon); Rhododendron Leaf, Rosalina; Rose; Rose Attar; Rose de MaiAbsolute; Rose de Mai Concrete; Rose de Mai Organic Extract; Rosegeranium; Rose Hip Seed; Rose Otto, Bulgaria; Rose Otto, Turkey; RoseOtto, White—Organic; Rose vetiver; Rosemary Antioxidant; Rosemary ctCineole; Rosemary ct Verbenone; Rosewood; Rue; Ruh Khus (Vetiveriazizaniodes); Saffron Attar, India; Sage; Samphire (Cristhmum maritimum)Corsica; Sandalwood; Sandalwood, New Caledonia; Sandalwood,Australian—Premium; Sandalwood (Santalum spicatum), Australia;Sandalwood Oil, Royal Hawaiian (Santalum paniculatum); Sandalwood, RoyalHawaiian; Sassafras; Savitri Rose Perfume; Sea Buckthorn; Seaweed;Sierra Juniper (Juniperus occidentalis); Spearmint; Spearmint (Menthaspicata) Israel; Spikenard; Spikenard, Green; Spruce, Black; Spruce(Picea mariana) Canada; St. John's Wort 2; St. John's Wort (Hypericumperforatum) Bulgaria; Tagetes; Tamanu (Foraha) Oil; Tangelo; Tangerine;Tangerine Murcott; Tansy; Tansy, Blue; Tarragon; Tea Tree; Tea Tree(Leptospermum citratum), Lemon Scented; Tea Tree (Melaleuca alternfolia)South Africa; Thuja; Thyme; Thyme ct Linalool; Tobacco; Tonka Bean;Tuberose; Tulsi, Holy Basic Oil (Ocimum sanctum); Turmeric; Vanilla;Vanilla Bourbon; Verbena; Vetiver—Double Distilled; Vetiver, ElSalvador; Vetiver, Haiti; Vetiver, Sri Lanka; Violet Leaf; White Fir(Abies concolor); White Lotus Attar; White Sage (Salvia apiana); WildCarrot, Corsica; Wintergreen; Wintergreen; Yarrow; Yarrow, Blue; YlangYlang; Yuzu; and combinations thereof.

The compositions of the invention can also include one or more herbalextracts of Abas, Abele, Abies balsamea, Absinthe, Absinthium, Acacia,Acacia spp., Acai Berries, Acerola, Achillea millefolium, Achiote,Aconite, Aconitum napellus, Acorus, Acorus calamus, Acorus gramineus,Adansonia digitata, Adder's Mouth, Adderwort, Adiantum capillus-veneris,Aesculus Hippocastanum, Aframomum melegueta, African Geranium, AfricanGinger, Agastache foeniculum, Agave, Agnus castus, Agrimonia eupatoria,Agrimony, Agropyron repens, Ague Grass, Ague Root, Ague Tree, Agueweed,Ajamoda, Ajave Seeds, Ajenjo, Ajowan, Ajuga reptans, Ajvain, Ajwan,Ajwain, Akebia, Akebia quinata, Alaskan Ginseng, Alchemilla vulgaris,Alchornea Species, Alder, Alder Buckthorn, Alder Dogwood, Alecost,Alehoof, Aletris, Aletris farinosa, Alexandrian Laurel, AlexandrianSenna, Alfalfa, Algarroba, Alkanet, Allheal, Alligator Pepper, Alliumcepa, Allium porrum, Allium sativum, Allium schoenoprasum, Alliumtuberosum, Allspice, Almond, Alnus glutinosa, Alnus rubra, Aloe ferox,Aloeroot, Aloes, Aloe Vera, Aloysia triphylla, Alpine Strawberry,Alpinia officinarum, Althaea, Althaea officinalis, Aluka, Alumroot,Amara aromatica, Amaracus, Amaranth, Amaranthus hypocondriacus, AmberTouch-and-heal, Ambroise, Ambrose, Amburana, America-Hodoimo, AmericanAloe, American Angelica, American Ash, American Aspen, AmericanBasswood, American Bayberry, American Bee Balm, American Beech, AmericanBugleweed, American Carob, American Cranesbill, American Cress, AmericanDill, American Dogwood, American Ginseng, American Ground Lily, AmericanGroundnut, American Linden, American Mandrake, American Melissa,American Saffron, American Sanicle, American Sarsaparilla, AmericanSloe, American Spikenard, American Upland Cotton, American Valerian,American Winter Cress, American Wormroot, American Wormseed, Amla, AmmiVisnaga, Anacardium occidentale, Ananas comosus, Anchusa officinalis,Andiroba, Andrographis, Andrographis paniculata, Anemone, Anemonepulsatilla, Anemopsis californica, Anethum graveolens, Angelica,Angelica archangelica, Angelica sinensis, Angelica Tree, Angostura,Angostura trifoliata, Anise, Aniseed, Aniseed Stars, Anise Fern, AniseHyssop, Anise Plant, Annatto, Annona muricata, Annona reticulata, Annualmarjoram, Anthemis nobilis, Anthoxanthum nitens, Anthriscus cerefolium,Antilles Cherry, Apios americana, Apium graveolens, Apple, Apple Mint,Apple-of-Peru, Apricot Vine, Apsidium, Aralia racemosa, Arbe a suif,Arberry, Arboloco, Arbor Vitae, Arbutus, Arbutus menziesii, Arbutus uvaUrsi, Archangel, Archangelica, Archangelica officinalis, Arctium lappa,Arctostaphylos Uva Ursi, Ardraka, Argan, Argania, Argania spinosa,Argemone mexicana, Argentine, Aristolochia serpentaria, Aristoteliachilensis, Aritha, Arjaka, Arjuna, Armoracia Rusticana, Armstrong,Arnica, Arnica Flowers, Arnica Montana, Arnica Root, Aromatic Sumac,Aromatic Wintergreen, Arrowroot, Artemisia, Artemisia Abrotanum,Artemisia Absinthium, Artemisia capillaris, Artemisia Dracunculus,Artemisia Tridentata, Artemisia Vulgaris, Artocarpus altilis, Artocarpusheterophyllus, Arugula, Asafoetida, Asclepias tuberosa, Ascophyllumnodosum, Ash, Ashwaganda, Asian Ginseng, Aspalathus linearis, Asparaguscochinchinensis, Asparagus racemosus, Asparagus Root, Asperula Odorata,Aspilia, Aspilia mossambicensis, Ass-ear, Asthma Plant, Asthma Weed,Astragalus, Astragalus membranaceus, Atropa belladonna, Auld Wife'sHuid, Autumn Crocus, Avena sativa, Avens, Averrhoa carambola, Avocado,Ayak Chichira, Ayuk Willku, Azadirachta Indica, Azafran, Babchi Seeds,Bacc, Bachelor's-button, Bacopa Monniera, Bahama Berry, Baical Skullcap,Bai Guo, Bai Mu Erh, Ba Ji Tian, Baldina, Balinghoy, Ballota nigra, BalmMint, Balm of Gilead, Balmony, Balsam Copaiba, Balsam Fir, Balsam ofGilead, Balsam of Peru, Balsam Tree, Bank Cress, Banisteriopsis caapivine, Baobab, Baptisia, Baptisia tinctoria, Barbados Aloe, BarbadosCherry, Barbarea verna, Barberry, Barbary Fig, Bardana, Barley, Barosmabetulina, Barren Strawberry, Barun, Basil, Basil Thyme, Basin Sagebrush,Basketbush, Basswood, Bastard Cardamom, Bastard Saffron, Bast Tree,Bauple Nut, Bayawas, Bayberry, Bayberry Bush, Bayberry Wax Tree, BayLaurel, Beaked Parsley, Bean of India, Bean Trefoil, Bearberry,Bearbind, Beard Lichen, Bear's Foot, Bear's-grape, Bear's-paw, Bear'sWeed, Beaumont Root, Beauty Leaf, Bee Balm, Bee Bread, Beech,Beechdrops, Beech Wheat, Bee Plant, Bee Sage, Bee's Nest, Beggar'sButtons, Belladonna, Belle Isle Cress, Bellyache Root, Benjamin Bush,Benzoin Gum, Benzoin Tree, Berberidis, Berberis aquifolium, Berberisvulgaris, Berberry, Bergamot Mint, Bergamot Orange, Bertholletiaexcelsa, Betel, Bethroot, Betony, Betula alba, Betula pendula, Bhang,Bian Xu, Bible Hyssop, Bible-leaf, Big Sagebrush, Bilberry, Billy-goatClover, Biltmore Ash, Bindweed, Bird's-foot, Bird's Nest, Birthroot,Birthwort, Biscuits, Bishop's Weed, Bistort, Bitter Aloe, Bitter Ash,Bitter Bark, Bitter Dock, Bitter Leaf, Bitter Melon, Bitter Nightshade,Bitter Orange, Bitter Orange Peel, Bitter Quassia, Bittersweet, BitterTrefoil, Bitter Wood, Bitterworm, Bixa orellana, Black Alder, BlackAlder Tree, Blackberry, Black Cherry, Black Choke, Black Chokeberry,Black Cohosh, Black Cohush, Blackcurrant, Black Dogwood, Black Ginger,Black Haw, Black Henbane, Black Horehound, Black Locust, Black Mustard,Black Pepper, Black Root, Black Sampson, Black Sanicle, Black Snakeroot,Black Stinking Horehound, Black Tany, Blackthorn, Black Thyme, BlackWalnut, Black Whortleberry, Blackwort, Bladder Cherry, Bladder Fucus,Bladderpod, Bladderwrack, Blazing Star, Blessed Herb, Blessed Thistle,Blind Nettle, Bloodroot, Blood Vine, Bloodwort, Blooming Sally, BlowBall, Blue Balm, Blueberry, Bluebottle, Blue Cohosh, Blue Curls, BlueDandelion, Blue Flag, Blue Giant Hyssop, Blue Ginseng, Blue Gum, BlueGum Tree, Blue Iris, Blue Mountain Tea, Blue Pimpernel, Blue Rocket,Blue-Sailors, Blue Skullcap, Blue Violet, Blunt-leaved Dock, Bodhi Tree,Bofareira, Bogbean, Bo He, Bola, Boldina, Boldo, Boldoa, Boldu, Boldus,Boneset, Bookoo, Borage, Borago officinalis, Boswellia carteri, Bo-Tree,Bottlebrush, Bouncing Bet, Bourtree, Bowman's Root, Boxberry, Boxwood,Brahmi, Bramble, Brandy Mint, Brassica alba, Brassica juncea, Brassicanigra, Brassica oleracea, Brassica rapa Pekinensis, Brazilian Ginseng,Brazil Nut, Breadfruit, Bread Wheat, Bride's Button, Bridewort, BrighamTea, Brindall Berry, Brindle Berry, Brinton Root, British Myrrh,Broad-leaved Dock, Bromelain, Brook Bean, Brooklime, Broom, BroomFlowers, Broom Tops, Broom Tea-Tree, Brown Mustard, Brownwort,Bruisewort, Bryonia Alba, Bryony, Buchu, Buckbean, Buckeye,Buckler-leaved Sorrel, Buckthorn, Buckwheat, Bucku, Buddha Fruit,Buffalo Herb, Bugbane, Bugbane Squawroot, Bugle, Bugleweed, Bugloss, BuGu Zhi, Bugwort, Bull Flower, Bullock's Heart, Bull's Heart, Bunny'sEars, Bupleurum, Bupleurum chinense, Bur, Burage, Burdock, BurdockBurrs, Burren Myrtle, Burr Marigoldt, Burrs, Burr Seed, Bush Nut,Butcher's Broom, Butterbur, Butterfly Weed, Butternut, Butter Winter,Butterwort, Butterweed, Buttons, Caban Cherry, Cabbage, Cabbage Palm,Cabbage Rose, Cacao, Cacari, Cajeput Tree, Cajueiro, Calabar Bean,Calamint, Calamintha nepeta, Calamus, Calendula, Calendula officinalis,California Poppy, Calluna vulgaris, Calophyllum inophyllum, Caltrop,Calumba, Cambodian Mint, Camel Grass, Cammellia Sinensis, Camocamo,Camphor, Camphor Tree, Camptotheca acuminata, Camu Camu, Canabis, CanadaBalsam, Canada Root, Canada Tea, Canadian Fleabane, Canaigre, Canangaodorata, Cancerosa, Caner Root, Cancer Tree, Candle Berry, Cane Ash,Canistel Fruit, Cankerwort, Cannabis Sativa, Cape Aloe, Cape Gooseberry,Caperberry, Caperbush, Capers, Capon's Tail, Capparis spinosa,Capsaicin, Capsella bursa-Pastoris, Capsicum, Capsicum annuum, Capsicumchinense, Carambola, Carapa guianensis, Caraway, Caraway Seed, Cardamom,Cardamom Seeds, Cardamon, Carduus marianus, Carica papaya, Carob,Carolina Jasmine, Carom, Carony Bark, Carpenter's-herb,Carpenter's-square, Carpenter's Weed, Carrageen, Carrot, Carthamustinctorius, Carum carvi, Cascara, Cascara Buckthorn, Cascara Sagrada,Caseweed, Cashew Nut Shells, Cassava, Cassia senna, Castanea sativa,Castor Bean Plant, Castor Oil Plant, Catalonian Jasmine, Catchweed,Catha, Catha edulis, Catmint, Catnep, Catnip, Catrup, Cat's Claw,Cat's-foot, Cat's-play, Catswort, Cat Thyme, Catuaba, Caulophyllumthalictroides, Cayenne, Ceanothus americanus, Cedar Nut, Celandine,Celery, Centaurea cyanus, Centaurium erythraea, Centaury, Centellaasiatica, Century Plant, Cephaelis ipecacuanha, Cerasee, Ceratoniasiliqua, Cereso, Cetraria islandica, Chaga Mushroom, Chai Hu,Chamaelirium luteum, Chamomile, Chanca piedra, Chandan, Chang Pu,Chaparral, Charapilla, Chaste Berry, Chaste Tree, Chat, Chaulmoogra,Checkerberry, Cheeseflower, Cheese Rennet, Cheiranthus Cheiri,Chelidonium majus, Chelone glabra, Chenopodium ambrosioides, Chen-Pi,Cherry Birch, Chervil, Chia, Chian, Chien, Chiang, Chickweed, Chicory,Chih-ma, Chi-hsueh-ts'ao, Chilean Wineberry, Chilgoza, Chili Pepper,Chimaphila umbellata, China Root, Chin-ch'iao-mai, Chinese Angelica,Chinese Cabbage, Chinese Chives, Chinese Foxglove, Chinese Ginseng,Chinese Gold Thread, Chinese Lantern, Chinese Licorice, Chinese Mustard,Chinese Nettle, Chinese Star Anise, Chinese Wolfberry, Chink,Chionanthus virginicus, Chirayata, Chiretta, Chittembark, Chives,Chocolate, Chocolate Root, Chocolate Vine, Choke Cherry, ChondrusCrispus, Christmas Tree, Chrysanthemum, Chrysanthemum balsamita,Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium, Chrysanthemum morifolium, Chuan XinLiang, Chuchupate, Church Steeples, Cicely, Cichorium intybus, Cilantro,Cimicifuga, Cimicifuga racemosa, Cinchona, Cinchona Bark, Cinchona spp,Cingulum sancti Johannis, Cinnabar Root, Cinnamomum camphora, Cinnamomumzeylanicum, Cinnamon, Cinnamonwood, Cinquefoil, Cirsium vulgare,Citroengrass, Citrus aurantium, Citrus bergamia, Citrus ichangensis xCitrus reticulata var. austera, Citrus limon, Citrus reticulata, Citrusthyme, City Avens, Clary, Clary Sage, Clear Eye, Cleavers, ClematisStem, Clove, Clove Garlic, Clover, Clover Broom, Clove Root, Clown'sWoundwort, Clubfoot Moss, Club Moss, Cnicus benedictus, Coca, CocaShrub, Cocashweed, Cochlearia officinalis, Cocklebur, Cockle Buttons,Cocoa, Codonopsis, Codonopsis pilosula, Coffea arabica, Coffee,Coffeeweed, Coicis, Coix, Coix Lachryma-jobi, Cola nitida, Colchicum,Colchicum autumnale, Coleus, Coleus forkolil, Coleus forskohlii,Colewort, Colicroot, Colla, Collinsonia canadensis, Colorado Cough Root,Coltsfoot, Colt's-tail, Comfrey, Commiphora molmol, Commiphora mukul,Commiphora Opobalsamum, Common Alder, Common Alkanet, Common Anise,Common Arnica, Common Ash, Common Balm, Common Barberry, Common Basil,Common Blue Violet, Common Broom, Common Buckthorn, Common Buckwheat,Common Bugle, Common Burnet, Common Caraway, Common Centaury, CommonChamomile, Common Club Moss, Common Cotton, Common Dock, Common Dill,Common Fennel, Common Fenugrec, Common Flax, Common Foxglove, CommonHazel, Common Holly, Common Hop, Common Horehound, Common Hyssop, CommonJasmine, Common Juniper, Common Lavender, Common Lime, Common Madder,Common Mallow, Common Marjoram, Common Nettle, Common Oats, CommonOnion, Common Parsley, Common Periwinkle, Common Privet, Common Rue,Common Sage, Common Sagebrush, Common Sea-Buckthorn, Common StingingNettle, Common Strawberry, Common Sundew, Common Thistle, Common Thyme,Common Wheat, Common White Jasmine, Common Willow, Common Wormwood,Compass Plant, Compass Weed, Compositae, Conium maculatum, Consormol,Consumptive's Weed, Convallaria majalis, Convolvulus sepium, CoolTankard, Copaiba, Copal, Copaifera Species, Coptidis, Coptis, Coptischinensis, Coptis Rhizome, Cordyceps, Cordyceps sinensis, Coriander,Coriandrum sativum, Corn, Cornelian Tree, Cornflower, Cornish Lovage,Corn Mint, Corn Poppy, Corn Rose, Cornsilk, Cornus florida, CorsicanMint, Corsican Pepper, Corydalis, Corydalis Rhizome, Corydalis Yanhusuo,Corylus avellana, Costmary, Cotton, Cotton Thistle, Couch Grass,Coughroot, Coughweed, Coughwort, Countryman's-treacle, Cowbloom, CowChervil, Cow Clover, Cow Cress, Cowgrass, Cowplant, Cowslip, Crampbark,Crampweed, Cranberry, Cranberry Bush, Cranberry Tree, Cranesbill,Crataegus monogyna, Crataegus oxyacantha, Crataeva, Crataeva nurvula,Cream Of Tartar Tree, Creathnach, Creeping Charlie, Creeping Thyme,Creosote Bush, Crocus sativus, Crosswort, Croton Lechleri, Crowberry,Crow Coin, Cuban Oregano, Cubeb Pepper, Cuckoo's Cap, Cucurbita pepo,Culantrillo, Culver's Physic, Culver's Root, Cumaru, Cumaruzeiro, Cumin,Cuminum cyminum, Curacao Aloe, Curare, Curcuma longa, Curcuma zedoaria,Cure-all, Curled Dock, Curled Mint, Curly Parsley, Curry-leaf tree,Curry Tree, Cuscus, Cuscuta Epithymum, Cusparia Bark, Custard Apple,Cutleaf Bugleweed, Cutweed, Cydonia oblonga, Cymbopogon citratus,Cypripedium pubescens, Da Huang, Dalcini, Dalmatian Iris, DalmationInsect Flower, Dalmation Pellitory, Dalmatian Sage, Damiana, Dandelion,Dang Gui, Danish Dill, Dan Shen, Daruharidra, Da suan, Daturastramonium, Daucus carota, Deadly Nightshade, Deadmen's Bells, DeadNettle, Dead-Rat Tree, Death-flower, Deerberry, Desert Cactus, DesertOregano, Desert Tea, Devil's-apple, Devil's Bit, Devil's-bones, Devil'sCherries, Devil's Claw, Devil's Club, Devil's Dung, Devil's-eye, Devil'sGuts, Devil's Herb, Devil's Plague, Dew of the Sea, Dhup, Digitalispurpurea, Di Huang, Dill, Dillisk, Dillseed, Dillweed, Dilly, Dilsk,Dilo Oil Tree, Dioscorea villosa, Diosma betulina, Dipsacus sylvestris,Dipteryx odorata, Divale, Djamboe, Doda, Dodan, Doadni, Dodder, DogBrier, Dog Grass, Dog Rose, Dog's Mercury, Dog Tree, Dogwood, Dong ChongXia Cao, Dong Quai, Dovefoot, Drago, Dragon's Blood, Dragon's mugwort,Dragonwort, Dropsy Plant, Drosera rotundifolia, Dryopteris filix-mas,Ducks Foot, Dulse, Dutch Clover, Dwale, Dwarf Juniper, Dwarf Nasturtium,Dwayberry, Dyeberry, Dyer's Broom, Dyer's Greenweed, Dyer's Madder,Dyer's-saffron, Dysphania ambrosioides, Early Winter Cress, Earth-smoke,Easter Flower, Easter Giant, Eau-de-cologne Mint, Echinacea, Echinaceaangustifolia, Egg Fruit, Egg Wrack, Egyptian Privet, Eight-horned Anise,Eight-horns, Ela, Elaci, Elder, Elder-berry, Elder-flower, Elecampane,Eletteria Cardamomum, Eleuthero, Eleutherococcus Senticosus, Elk Mint,Emetic Herb, Enandi, Endive, English Alder, English Balm, EnglishCatnip, English Chamomile, English Hawthorn, English Holly, English Hop,English Mandrake, English Serpentary, English Thyme, English Valerian,English Violet, English Wallflower, Epazote, Ephedra, Ephedranevadensis, Ephedra sinica, Epifagus virginiana, Epilobiumangustifolium, Epimedium, Epimedium grandiflorum, Equisetum arvense,Erigeron canadensis, Eriodictyon californicum, Eruca vesicaria sativa,Erythraea centaurium, Erythroxylum catuaba, Erythroxylum coca,Eschscholzia californica, Espinheira santa, Estragon, Ethiopian Cumin,Eucalyptus, Eucalyptus globulus, Eugenia carophyllata, Eupatorium,Eupatorium perfoliatum, Eupatorium purpureum, Euphorbia hirta, Euphrasiaofficinalis, European Alder, European Angelica, European Ash, EuropeanBarberry, European Black Alder, European Buckthorn, European Centaury,European Chestnut, European Cowslip, European Dill, European Elder,European Holly, European Hop, European White Water lily, EuropeanWillow, Euterpe oleracea, Evening Primrose, Evening Star, Evergreen, EyeBalm, Eyebright, Eyeroot, Fagopyrum esculentum, Fagus grandifalia, FahTolai, Fairy Cup, Fairy's Glove, False Acacia, False Box, FalseChamomile, False Jasmine, False Saffron, False Unicorn, False Valerian,False White Cedar, Featherfew, Featherfoil, Feather Geranium, FebrifugePlant, Felon Herb, Felonwort, Female Fern, Fennel, Fenugreek, FerulaAsafoetida, Fetid Horehound, Fever Bush, Feverfew, Fever Grass, FeverTree, Feverwort, Fiber, Ficus religiosa, Field Balm, Field Pansy, FieldPoppy, Field Pumpkin, Field Sorrel, Figwort, Filipendula Ulmaria, Fir,Fir Balsam, Fireweed, Fir Pine, Fishfuddle, Five-fingers, Five-leaf,Flag Lily, Flagroot, Flanders Poppy, Flannelleaf, Flat-leaved Parsley,Flax, Flax Seed, Flax Weed, Fleabane, Flea Seed, Flesh and Blood,Fleur-de-lis, Flinders Rose, Florentine Iris, Florida Dogwood, FloridaFishpoison Tree, Flower de-luce, Flowering Dogwood, Flowering Willow,Flowery Knotweed, Foeniculum vulgare, Folk's Glove, Food Of The Gods,Forsythia, Forsythia suspensa, Fo Ti, Foxberry, Fox Geranium, Foxglove,Fox Grape, Foxtail, Fragaria ananassa, Fragaria vesca, Fragrant Balm,Fragrant Giant Hyssop, Fragrant Sumac, Frankincense, Fraxinus americana,Fraxinus excelsior, French Basil, French Lilac, French Parsley, FrenchRose, French Sorrel, French Tarragon, French Thyme, Friar's Cap, FringeTree, Fritillaria, Fritillaria thunbergii, Frog Plant, FucusVesiculosus, Fu-ling, Fuller's-herb, Fumaria officinalis, Fumitory,Gagroot, Galangal, Galega officinalis, Galipea officinalis, Galiumaparine, Galium odoratum, Galium verum, Gambooge, Gan cao, Gandana,Ganja, Gan-jiang, Ganoderma lucidum, Gao Liang, Garabato, Garcinia,Garcinia cambogia, Garcinia gummi-gutta, Garcinia Kola, Garden Angelica,Garden Balm, Garden Basil, Garden Burnet, Garden Chamomile, GardenChervil, Garden Chicory, Garden Dill, Garden Heliotrope, Garden Hyssop,Garden Lavender, Garden Loosestrife, Garden Marigold, Garden Mint,Garden Myrrh, Garden or Green Purslane, Garden Patience, GardenRosemary, Garden Rue, Garden Sage, Garden Thyme, Garden Violet, Garlic,Garlic Chives, Garlic Sage, Gaultheria procumbens, Ge-gen, Gelsemiumsempervirens, Genista, Genista tinctoria, Gentian, Gentiana lutea,Geranium maculatum, Geranium robertianum, Geraniums, German Chamomile,Germander, German Mustard, German Rue, German Tarragon, German Thyme,German Valerian, Geum urbanum, Ghaap, Gill Run Over, Ginger, Ginkgo,Ginkgo biloba, Ginkgo Nut, Ginny Grains, Ginny Papper, Ginseng, GlechomaHederacea, Glossy Buckthorn, Glycine max, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Goathead,Goat's Rue, Goatweed, Goat Wort, Gold Coin Grass, Golden Aspen,Goldenberry, Golden Flower of Mary, Golden Loosestrife, Golden Ragwort,Golden Root, Goldenrod, Goldenseal, Golden Senecio, Gold Melissa, GoldyStar, Goosefoot, Goose Grass, Goosewort, Gorikapuli, Gospel Tree,Gossypium hirsutum, Gotu Kola, Gourmet Parsley, Goutweed, Gow Choy,Graines, Grains Of Paradise, Gramineus, Grape, Grape Vine, Grass, GrassBurdock, Gravelroot, Graviola, Graybeard, Greasewood, Great Burdock,Greater Burnet, Greater Cardamom, Great Morel, Great Nettle, GreatStinging Nettle, Great Wild Valerian, Greek Hayseed, Green Ginger, GreenOzier, Green Tea, Grifola frondosa, Grindelia, Grindelia Camporum,Groats, Ground Berry, Ground Cherry, Ground Holly, Ground Ivy, GroundJuniper, Ground Lemon, Ground Lily, Groundnut, Ground Pine, GroundRaspberry, Grouse Berry, Guaiac, Guaiacum, Guajacum, Guaiacumofficinale, Gualtheria procumbens, Guarana, Guasai, Guava Tree, GuelderRose, Guggul, Gui, Guinea Grains, Guinea Pepper, Guinea Seeds, Gum Bush,Gum Guggulu, Gum Myrrh Tree, Gumplant, Gurmabooti, Gurmar, Gymnema,Gymnema sylvestre, Gynostemma, Gynostemma pentaphyllum, Gypsyweed,Gypsywort, Habanero Pepper, Hackmatack, Hai-ts'ao, Hamamelis virginiana,Handflower, Happy Tree, Hapusha, Hardock, Hareburr, Hare's Ear Root,Harpagophytum procumbens, Hartshorn Plant, Harvest Lice, Hasabis,Hashish, Hatomugi, Haw, Hawaii Nut, Hawkweed, Hawthorn, Haymaids,Hazelnut Tree, Heal-All, Heart Of The Earth, Heartsease, Heather,Hebanthe Paniculata, Hedge Bind Weed, Hedge Fumitory, Hedge Maid,Hediondilla, Helianthus annuus, Heliotrope, Hellweed, Helmet Flower,Helonias Root, Hemlock, Hemp, Henbane, Henna, Herb Bennet,Herb-of-Grace, Herb of St. Barbara, Herb of The Angels,Herb-of-the-cross, Herb Robert, Hercules Woundwort, He Shou Wu,Hibiscus, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Hieracium pilosella, Hierochloe odorata,High Angelica, High Mallow, Hill Berry, Hina, Hind Heal, Hineheel, Hing,Hini, Hippophae rhamnoides, Hip Rose, Hoarhound, Hock-heal, Hodoimo,Hoelen, Hog Apple, Hog Bean, Hog Cranberry, Hogweed, Holigold, Holly,Holy Basil, Holy Ghost Plant, Holy Herb, Holy Grass, Holy Thistle, HoneyPlant, Honeysuckle, Hoodia, Hoodia pilifera, Hood Weed, Hoodwort,Hook-heal, Hopniss, Hops, Hops Vine, Horehound, Horny Goatweed, HorseBalm, Horse Chestnut, Horsefly Weed, Horseheal, Horse Mint, Horseradish,Horse Savin, Horsetail, Horse Thistle, Horseweed, Ho She Wu, Ho Shou Wu,Hot Mint, Hsia-ku-ts'ao, Hsiao-hui-hsiang, Hsieh-tzu-ts'ao, Hua-Hsian,Huang Qi, Huang Quin, Huarango, Hu-chin-ts'ao, Huckleberry, Hu-lu-ba,Hu-lu-pa, Humulus lupulus, Hungarian Chamomile, Huo Ma Ren, Hurrburr,Hurtleberry, Hurtsickle, Husk Cherry, Hydnocarpus, Hydnocarpus kurzii,Hydrangea, Hydrangea arborescens, Hydrastis canadensis, Hyoscyamusniger, Hypericum, Hypericum perforatum, Hyssop, Hyssopus officinalis,Iceland Lichen, Iceland Moss, I-chi-kao, Ignatia Amara, Ignatius Bean,Ilang-Ilang, Ilex aquifolium, Ilex paraguariensis, Illicium verum,Ill-scented Sumac, Imburana De Cheiro, Incensier, Indian Apple, IndianArrowroot, Indian Balm, Indian Balmony, Indian Bedellium, Indian Borage,Indian Bread, Indian Chickweed, Indian Corn, Indian Dye, Indian Elm,Indian Gentian, Indian Ginseng, Indian Gooseberry, Indian Lotus, IndianMustard, Indian Nettle, Indian Nut, Indian Olibanum, Indian Paint,Indian Pennywort, Indian Pink, Indian Plant, Indian Plume, IndianPotato, Indian Red Paint, Indian Root, Indian Sage, Indian Shamrock,Indian Snakeroot, Indian Tobacco, Indian Tree, Indigo Broom, Inonotusobliquus, Inula Helenium, Ipecac, Ipecac Shrub, Ipio, Iporoni, Iporuru,Iris, Iris florentina, Iris germanica, Irish Broom, Iris pallida, IrishMoss, Iris versicolor, Italian Burnet, Italian Cress, Italian Jasmine,Italian Lovage, Italian Pimpernel, Ivory Plum, Jaborandi, Jackfruit,Jack Tree, Jak, Jacob's Chariot, Jacob's-staff, Jacôn, Jamaican Dogwood,Jamaica Pepper, Jamaica Sorrel, Jambu, Jambul, Jamestown Weed, JapaneseCatnip, Japanese Grapefruit, Japanese Horseradish, Japanese Mint,Japanese Mushroom, Japanese Seaweed, Jasmin, Jasmine, Jasmini Flos,Jasminum spp., Jateorhiza palmata, Jaundice Berry, Jaundice Root, JavaPepper, Java Plum, Jersey Tea, Jerusalem Oak, Jessamine, Jesuit'sBalsam, Jesuit Tea, Jew's-harp Plant, Jiaogulan, Jicara, Jimsonweed,Jing Jie, Jin Qian Cao, Jin Yin Hua, Job's Tears, Joe Pye Weed, Juglanscinerea, Juglans nigra, Juglans regia, Johnny-jump-up, Johnswort, JointFir, Ju Hua, Juniper, Juniper Bark, Juniper Berry, Juniper Bush,Jupiter's Bean, Juniperus Communis, Kachur, Kalmegh, Kamoteng Kahoy,Kanma, Kan-ts'ao, Kappa, Katphala, Kava Kava, Kelp, Kelpware, Kemangen,Keyflower, Key of Heaven, Khas Khas, Khat, Khella, Kiawe, Kidney StoneTree, King Of Bitters, King's-clover, King's Crown, King's Cure,King's-cure-all, Kinnikinnick, Kiryat, Klamath Weed, Knitback, Knitbone,Knotgrass, Knotted Kelp, Knotted Marjoram, Knotted Wrack, Knotty Brake,Knotweed, Kola Nut, Korean Ginseng, Kua-lou, Kuawa, Kudzu, Kuei, Kumari,Kumaru, Kuo-lao, K'u-tou, Ku Ts'ai, Lactucarium, Lactuca Virosa,Ladder-to-heaven, Ladies'-delight, Ladies' Seal, Lady Bleeding, Lady'sBedstraw, Lady's Slipper, Lady's Mantle, Lady's-washbowl, Lai-ei-ts'ao,Lamb Mint, Lamium album, Lammint, Lang-tu, Langue de Boeuf, Lapacho,Lappa, Lappa minor, Large Fennel, Large-leaved Germander, Larreatridentata, Latherwort, Laurus nobilis, Lavender, Lavender Giant Hyssop,Lavandula officinalis, Lawn Chamomile, Lawsonia inermis, Leafcup,Lebanese Oregano, Leeks, Lemon, Lemon Balm, Lemon Thyme, Lemon Verbena,Lemongrass, Lentinus Edodes, Leonurus cardiaca, Leopard's Bane, Lepidiummeyenii, Leptandra, Leptandra Virginica, Leptospermum scoparium, LesserIndian Cress, Lesser Periwinkle, Le-ts'ao, Lettuce Opium, Levisticumofficinale, Lian Qiao, Licorice, Licorice Mint, Licorice Root, LifeRoot, Lignum Vitae, Ligusticum porteri, Ligustrum vulgare, LilyConvalle, Lily of the Valley, Limaosinho, Limeblossom, Lime Flowers,Lime Mint, Lime Tree, Linden, Linden Flower, Lindera benzoin, Ling Chi,Ling-t'ung, Ling Zhi, Link, Linseed, Lint Bells, Linum usitatissimum,Lion's Ear, Lion's Foot, Lion's Tail, Lion's Tart, Lion's Tooth, Lippiagraveolens, Lipstick Tree, Liquorice, Live-Forever, Live-Long, LiverLily, Liverwort, Lizard's Tail, Lobelia, Lobelia inflata, LongevityHerb, Lonicera caprifolium, Lonicera japonica, Lonicera Spp, Loodroot,Loosestrife, Lophophora williamsii, Lotus, Lotus corniculatus,Lousewort, Lovage, Love Apples, Love in Winter, Love-lies-bleeding, LovePersley, Love Vine, Lucerne, Lu Hui, Lungwort, Luole, Lychee, Litchichinensis, Lycium, Lycium chinense, Lycium Fruit, Lycopodium, Lycopodiumclavatum, Lycopus americanus, Lysimachia christinae, Lysimachiavulgaris, Lythrum salicaria, Ma Bian Cao, Macadamia Nut, Macadamia spp.,Maca, Maca-Maca, Mace, Macochihua, Madagascar Periwinkle, Mad Apple,Madder, Madder Root, Madderwort, Mad Dog, Madweed, Madrone Tree, Mahuang, Maidenhair Fern, Maidenhair Tree, Maid's-hair, Maino, Maitake,Maize, Maka, Malabar Cardamom, Malabar Plum, Malabar Tamarind,Mal-dos-sete-dias, Male Fern, Mallow, Malpighia species, Malus Communis,Malva Sylvestris, Mamey Sapote, Manac, Mandioc, Mandragora, Mandragoraofficinarum, Mandrake, Mangosteen Oil Tree, Manihot esculenta, Manioc,Manioc Root, Manna Grass, Man-t'ien-hsing, Manuka, Manuka Myrtle, ManukaTree, Manzanilla, Maqui, Maramar, Maranta Arundinaceae, Maranta Starch,Marapuama, Mare's Tail, Marigold, Maroochi Nut, Marrubium, Marrubiumvulgare, Marshmallow, Marsh Marigold, Marsh Parsley, Marsh Trefoil,Marsh Woundwort, Marum, Marvel, Mary Bud, Mary Golde, Mary Gowles, MaryJane, Maryland Pink, Mary's Grass, Mary's Mantle, Mary's Thistle, Masterof the Woods, Masterwort, Mastic, Mate, Matricaria chamomilla, May,Mayapple, May Blossom, Maybush, May Lily, Maypop, Maytenus, MaytenusSpecies, May Tree, Meadow Clover, Meadow Eyebright, Meadow Saffron,Meadow Sage, Meadowsweet, Mealberry, Medicago sativa, Mei-ts'ao,Melaleuca, Melaleuca alternifolia, Melegueta Pepper, Melilot, Melilotusofficinalis, Melissa, Melissa officinalis, Melmot Berry, Menthahaplocalyx, Mentha piperita, Mentha pulegium, Mentha requienii, Menthasuaveolens, Mentha spicata, Menthol Mint, Mentha x piperita citrata,Menyanthes trifoliata, Mercurialis Perennis, Mescal, Meshasringi,Mesquite, Methi, Mexican Mint, Mexican Oregano, Mexican Poppy, MexicanPotato, Mexican Tea, Mexican Thyme, Mexican Wild Yam, Mexico Seed,Middle Comfrey, Mignonette Tree, Mi-kan, Milfoil, Milk Ipecac, MilkThistle, Milkwort, Millefoil, Mint, Mints, Miracle Herb, Miracle Tea,Mistletoe, Mitchella repens, Mi-tieh-hsiang, Mi-ts'ao, Moccasin Flower,Mogo, Molina, Mo Li Hua, Momordica charantia, Monarda Didyma,Monkey-Bread Tree, Monkshood, Monk's Pepper, Moonflower, Moon Grass,Moose Elm, Morinda, Morinda citrifolia, Morinda officinalis, Mormon Tea,Moroccan Ironwood, Mortification Root, Morus nigra, Mother-of-thyme,Mother's-heart, Motherwort, Moujean Tea, Mountain Arnica, Mountain Ash,Mountain Aspen, Mountain Balm, Mountain Berry, Mountain Box, MountainCranberry, Mountain Daisy, Mountain Grape, Mountain Holly, MountainMint, Mountain Savory, Mountain Strawberry, Mountain Tobacco, MountainTea, Mouse-ear, Mugwort, Muira Puama, Mujonso, Mulberry, Mullein,Murraya koenigii, Muscatel Sage, Mu-Su, Mu Tong, Mu-yao, Myrciariadubia, Myrica, Myrica cerifera, Myricae cortex, Myristica fragrans,Myroxylon balsamum, Myroxylon pereirae, Myrrh, Myrrhis odorata, Myrtle,Myrtle Pepper, Myrtus communis, Nagara, Naidi, Naked Ladies, NapaCabbage, Nappa, Narrow Dock, Narthex, Nashia inaguensis, Nasturtiumofficinale, Naughty Man's Cherries, Neem, Nelumbo nucifera, Nenuphar,Nep, Nepeta cataria, Nerveroot, Nettle, Nettle Flowers, New EnglandPine, New Jersey Tea, New Zealand Tea Tree, Niando, Nicotiana rustica,Nightshade, Night Willow Herb, Nine Hooks, Nine Joints, Nip, Nira, NiuBang, Noble Chamomile, Noble Yarrow, Nodding Wakerobin, Noni, NormandyCress, Northern Pine, Northern Spicebush, Northern White Cedar,Norwegian Kelp, Nosebleed, Nutmeg, Nux Vomica, Nymphaea alba, Oak, Oats,Ocimum basilicum, Ocimum tenuiflorum, Oenothera biennis, Ohio Curcuma,Oil plant, Oilnut, Oil Nut Tree, Old English Lovage,Old-maid's-nightcap, Old-maid's-pink, Old Man, Old-man's-beard, OldMan's Nightcap, Old Man's Pepper, Old woman, Olea europaea, Olibanum,Olive, Omam, Omum, One-berry, Onion, Opium Poppy, Oplopanax horridus,Orange, Orange Mint, Orange Root, Ordeal Bean, Oregano, Oregano Brujo,Oregon Grape, Oriental Garlic, Oriental Mustard, Oriental Poppy,Origanum majorana, Origanum syriacum, Origanum vulgare, Orpine, OrrisRoot, Osha, Osterick, Oswego Tea, Our-Lady's-bedstraw, Our-Lady's-tears,Oval Buchu, Owler, Oxadoddy, Ox Balm, Ox Heart, Ox-tongue, PacificMadrone, Pacific Yew, Padmaka, Paeonia officinalis, Paico, Paigle,Palisade Pine, Palma Christi, Palmaria palmata, Palmetto, Panax ginseng,Panax quinquefolium, Panay, Pansy, Papaver orientale, Papaver rhoeas,Papaver somniferum, Papaya, Paper Birch, Papoose Root, Paracress,Paraguay Tea, Pareira, Parell, Parietaria officinalis, Pariswort,Parsley, Parsnip, Partridgeberry, Pasque Flower, Passiflora, Passifloraincarnata, Passion Flower, Passions, Passion Vine, Pastinaca sativa,Patchouli, Patience Dock, Patience Herb, Pau d'Arco, Paullinia cupana,Pausinystalia yohimbe, Pauson, Peepal Tree, Pei-ma, Peking Cabbage,Pelargonium, Pelargonium sidoides, Pelargonium species, Pellitory,Pellitory Of The Wall, Pembina, Pennyroyal, Peony, Pepperidge Bush,Peppermint, Pepperweed, Perfume Tree, Periploca Of The Woods, Perseaamericana, Persian Berries, Persicaria odorata, Personata, PeruvianBalsam, Peruvian Bark, Peruvian Ginseng, Peruvian Ground Cherry,Petasites Hybridus, Petokal, Petroselinum Crispum, Peumus Boldus,Peyote, Pfaffia paniculata, Philanthropos, Phudina, Phyllanthus,Phyllanthus emblica, Phyllanthus niruri, Physalis alkekengi, Physalisperuviana L., Physic Root, Physostigma venenosum, Phytolacca americana,Picrasma excelsa, Pigeon's Grass, Pignoli, Pigweed, Pikake, Pill-BearingSpurge, Pilocarpus Microphyllus, Pilosella, Pimbina, Pimenta dioica,Pimenta officinalis, Pimpinella anisum, Pine, Pine Nut, Pineapple,Pineapple Strawberry, Pineapple Verbena, Pinkroot, Pink Rose, Pinon Nut,Pinus spp., Pinus strobus, Pinus sylvestris, Pinyon Pinenut, Piperbetle, Piper cubeba, Piper methysticum, Piper nigrum, Pipe Tree,Pipsissewa, Pistachio, Pistacia vera Piscidia piscipula, Pissabed,Pistachio, Plantago major, Plantago psyllium, Plantago Seed, Plantain,Plectranthus amboinicus, Pleurisy Root, Plum Rose, Podophyllum peltatum,Poet's Jasmine, Pogostemon cablin, Poha Berry, Poison Ash, Poison Flag,Poison Parsley, Poison Tobacco, Pokeroot, Pokeweed, Polar Plant,Polygala Senega, Polygonatum multiflorum, Polygonum aviculare, Polygonumbistorta, Polygonum multiflorum, Polygonum odoratum, Polypodium vulgare,Polypody, Poor Man's Ginseng, Poor-man's-treacle, Poplar, Popotillo,Populus alba, Populus tremuloides, Poria, Poria cocos, Portulacaoleracea, Pot, Potato Bean, Potency Wood, Potentilla anserina,Potentilla erecta, Potentilla reptans, Potenzholz, Pot Marigold,Pouteria sapota, Pouteria campechiana, Prairie Smoke, Prickly Ash,Prickly Lettuce, Prickly Pear Cactus, Prickly Poppy, Priest's-crown,Prim, Primrose, Primula veris, Prince's Feather, Prince's-pine, Privet,Prosopis pallida syn. Prosopis limensis, Provence Rose, Prunella,Prunella vulgaris, Prunus amygdalus, Prunus dulcis, Prunus serotina,Prunus spinosa, Psidium guajava, Psoralea, Psoralea corylifolia,Psoralea Fruit, Psyllium, Ptychopetalum ovata, Pueraria Lobata, PuffBall, Pu gong ying, Pukeweed, Pu-kung-ying, Pulmonaria officinalis,Pulsatilla, Pumpkin, Pumpkin Pine, Puncture Vine, Purging Buckthorn,Purple Angelica, Purple Betony, Purple Clover, Purple Coneflower, PurpleFoxglove, Purple Leptandra, Purple Loosestrife, Purple Medic, PurplePassionflower, Purple Rocket, Purplestem Angelica, Purslane, Pygeum,Pygeum africanum, Pyrethrum, Pyrola umbellata, Quack Grass, QuakingAspen, Quassia, Quassia Bark, Quassia Wood, Quebra Pedra, Queen AnnesLace, Queen Of The Meadow, Queensland Nut, Queen's Delight,Queen's-root, Quercus alba, Queue de Lezard, Quickbeam, Quick-set,Quince, Quinine Tree, Quinsy Berries, Quiverleaf, Race Ginger, RacoonBerry, Rainbowweed, Rashona, Raspberry, Raspberry Leaf, Rat's Tail,Rattlebush, Rattleroot, Rattlesnake Root, Rattleweed, Rau Ram,Rauwolfia, Rauwolfia Serpentina, Red Alder, Red Balm, Red Bearberry,Red-bearded, Red Bergamot, Redberry Tea, Red Bush Tea, Red Clover,Redcole, Red Dulse, Red Eyebright, Red Legs, Red Paint Root, Red Pollom,Red Poppy, Red Puccoon, Red Raspberry, Red Robin, Red Root, Red RootSage, Red Rose, Red Sage, Red Sorrel, Red Sunflower, Red Tea, RedTrillium, Red-veined Dock, Reefer, Rehmannia, Rehmannia glutinosa,Reishi, Rhamnus cathartica, Rhamnus frangula, Rhamnus purshiana,Rheumatism Root, Rheumatism Weed, Rheum palmatum, Rhodiola, Rhodiolasacra, Rhubarb, Rhus trilobata, Ribes nigrum, Ribwort, Richweed, Ricinuscommunis, Rimed scutatus, Ritha, Robinia pseudoacacia, Rock Brake, RockFern, Rockweed, Roman Chamomile, Roman Cumin, Roman Fennel, Rooibos,Root Of The Holy Ghost, Roquette, Rosa canina, Rosa centifolia, Rosagallica, Rose, Rose Apple, Roselle, Rosemary, Rosemary Plant,Rose-noble, Rose Root, Rosin Rose, Rosmarinus officinalis, RosyPeriwinkle, Rou Dou Kou, Round Buchu, Round-leaved Dock, Round-leafedMint, Round-leaved Sorrel, Rowan Tree, Royal Herb, Royal Jasmine, RubCherry, Rubia tinctoria, Rubus fructicosus, Rubus idaeus, Rucola, Rue,Rugula, Rumara, Rumex acetosella, Rumex crispus, Rumex hymenosepalus,Rumex obtusifolius, Running Club Moss, Ruscus aculeatus, RussianChamomile, Russian Mustard, Rustic's Treacle, Ruta graveolens, Sabal,saccharum officinarum, Sacred Bark, Sacred Basil, Sacred Fig, SacredLotus, Sacred Plant, Sacred Sage, Sacred Tree, Sacred Water Lotus,Safflower, Saffron, Sagackhomi, Sage, Sage-leaved Germander, Sage OfBethlehem, Sake, Salad Burnet, Salad Chervil, Salad Rocket, Salai Gugal,Salix Alba, Saloip, Salvia, Salvia apiana, Salvia hispanica, Salviamiltiorrhiza, Salvia officinalis, Salvia sclarea, Sambucus nigra,Sampson Root, Sandalwood, Sandberry, Sangre de Drago, Sangue de Drago,Sanguinaria, Sanguinaria canadensis, Sanguisorba minor, Sanguisorbaofficinalis, Sanicle, Sanicula europaea, Sanicula marilandica, Santalumalbum, Sapin, Sapindus mukorossi, Saponaria officinalis, Sapote,Sarapia, Sarepta Mustard, Sarothamnus Scoparius, Sarpagandha,Sarsaparilla, Sassafras, Sassafras albidum, Satan's Apple, Satavar,Satinflower, Satureja hortensis, Satureja montana, Saventaro, Savory,Saw Palmetto, Saxifrax, Scabish, Scabwort, Scarlet Bergamot, ScarletMonarda, Scarlet Sage, Scarweed, Scented Fern, Scented Sumac,Schisandra, Schisandra Chinensis, Schizonepeta, Schizonepeta tenuifolia,Scopolia, Scopolia carniolica, Scotch Broom, Scotch Fir, Scotch Heather,Scotch Pine, Scots Pine, Scouring Rush, Scrofula Plant, Scrophularianodosa, Scurfy Pea, Scurvy Grass, Scurvy Weed, Scutellaria baicalensis,Scutellaria lateriflora, Sea Buckthorn, Sea Lettuce Flakes, Sea Oak, SeaOnion, Sea Parsley, Seaweed, Seawrack, Sedum telephium, Self-Heal,Seneca Snakeroot, Senecio aureus, Seneca Grass, Senega, Senega Root,Senna, Sereh, Serenoa Repens, Serpentary, Serpyllum, Setwall, Shameface,Shan-cha, Sha-ren, Shan-yao, Shatamull, Shatapushpa, Shatavari, ShaveGrass, Shea Tree, Sheepberry, Sheep Sorrel, Sheng Di, Sheng Di Huang,Sheng Ti Huang, Shen-jiang, Shepherd's Knot, Shepherd's Needle,Shepherd's Purse, Shi Chang Pu, Shield Fern, Shih-lo, Shihuahuaco,Shiitake, Shiny Asparagus, Shirokikurage, Shoofly, Short Buchu,Short-leaved Buchu, Shovelweed, Shu Di Huang, Shu Ti Huang, SiberianGinseng, Sicklewort, Silkweed, Silver Birch, Silver Fir, Silver Leaf,Silver-leaf Poplar, Silver Mint, Silver Pine, Silver Poplar, SilverTree-ear Fungus, Silverweed, Silybum, Silymarin, Simply Jack, Sinapisalba, Skullcap, Skunkbush, Skunkbush Sumac, Skunk Cabbage, Slippery Elm,Sloe, Smallage, Smallanthus sonchifolius, Small Nasturtium,Smelling-stick, Smilax Uti Lis, Smooth Cicely, Smooth Strophanthus,Snakebite, Snake Lily, Snake Root, Snakeweed, Snapping Hazelnut,Snap-Wood, Snowball Tree, Snowdrop Tree, Snowflake, Snowflower, SnowFungus, Soap Berry, Soapnut, Soapwort, Soft Pine, Solanum dulcamara,Soldier's Cap, Soldier's Woundwort, Solidago canadensis, Solidagovirgaurea, Solis sponsa, Solomon's Seal, Solsequia,Son-before-the-father, Sorbus aucuparia, Sour Dock, Sour Grass, Soursop,Sour Weed, Southern Ginseng, Southernwood, Sowberry, Soy, Soya, Soybean,Spanish Chamomile, Spanish Chestnut, Spanish Jasmine, Spanish Thyme,Spearmint, Speedwell, Spiceberry, Spicebush, Spicewood, SpicyWintergreen, Spigelia marilandica, Spike Lavender, Spiked Loosestrife,Spikenard, Spilanthes acmella, Spoonwood, Spoonwort, Spotted Alder,Spotted Thistle, Spring Cress, Spring Wintergreen, Square Stalk,Squawbush, Squaw Root, Squaw Tea, Squaw Vine, Squill, Stachysofficinalis, Stachys palustris, Stagbush, Staghorn, Stanchgrass, StarAnise, Starbloom, Star Flower, Star Fruit, Star Grass, Starweed,Starwort, Stellaria, Stellaria media, Stickwort, St. Ignatius Bean,Stillingia sylvatica, Stingnose, Stinking Benjamin, StinkingChristopher, Stinging Nettle, Stingless Nettle, Stinking Nightshade,Stinking Roger, Stinking Rose, Stinking Weed, Stinking Willie,Stinkweed, Stitchwort, St. John's Bread, St. John's Grass, St. John'sPlant, St. John's Wort, St. Josephwort, Stonecrop, Stone Root,Strawberry, Stork's Bill, Strawberry Tomato, Strawberry Tree, StripedAlder, Strophanthus, Strophanthus Gratus, Strychnine, Strychnine Tree,Strychnos nux-vomica, Styrax benzoin, Succory, Sudanese Tea, Sugar Cane,Sui Hoi, Suma, Su Nanesi, Sundew, Sunflower, Sunkfield, Sunthi, Surasa,Suterberry, Swallowwort, Swamp Cedar, Swamp Root, Sweating Plant, SweetAlmond, Sweet Balm, Sweet Basil, Sweet Bay, Sweet Birch, Sweet Bracken,Sweet Brake, Sweet Bugle, Sweet Cane, Sweet Chervil, Sweet Chestnut,Sweet Cicely, Sweet Clover, Sweet Coltsfoot, Sweet Cumin, Sweet Dock,Sweet Elm, Sweet Fennel, Sweet Fern, Sweet Flag, Sweet Flag Rhizome,Sweet Goldenrod, Sweet Grass, Sweet Iris, Sweet Lavender, SweetLicorice, Sweet Lucerne, Sweet Marjoram, Sweet Myrrh, Sweet Root, SweetRush, Sweet-scented Geranium, Sweet Tea Vine, Sweet Tongue, SweetViolet, Sweetweed, Sweet Wood, Sweet Woodruff, Swertia, Swertiachirayita, Swine Snout, Symphytum officinale, Symplocarpus foetidus,Syrian Oregano, Syzygium cumini, Syzygium jambos, Tabebuia Spp., Tagara,Taheebo, Ta-huang, Tailed Cubebs, Tailed Pepper, Tailwort, TallNasturtium, Tallow Shrub, Tall Speedwell, Tall Veronica, Tamanu NutTree, Tamarind, Tamarindus indica, Tamus, Tanacetum parthenium,Tanacetum Vulgare, Tang Kuei, Tanners Bark, Tanner's-dock, Tan Shen,Tansy, Tap Aloe, Tapioca-root, Taraxacum officinale, Tarragon, TartarRoot, Tarweed, Taxus brevifolia, Teaberry, Teasel, Tea Tree, Te Limon,Telltime, Tenuifolia, Terminalia Arjuna, Tetterberry, Tetterwort,Teucrium marum, Teucrium scorodonia, Thali, Theobroma cacao, ThornApple, Thorn Poppy, Thorntree, Thorny Burr, Thoroughwort, Thousand-leaf,Thousand-seal, Three-leaved Caper, Three-leaved Nightshade, Throatwort,Thuja, Thuja Occidentalis, Thumb, Thunberg Fritillaria Bulb, Thyme,Thymus citriodorus, Thymus Serpyllum, Thymus Vulgaris, Tian Men Dong,Tibetan Rhodiola, T'ien-shih-li, Ti Huang, Ti Huang Chiu, Tiliaamericana, Tilia cordata, Tilia europea, Tipton Weed, Toad Flax, TobaccoWood, Tokal, Tomillo, Tom Thumb Nasturtium, Tongue Grass, Tonka, TonkaBean, Tonka Bean Tree, Tonquin Bean, Toothache Plant, Toothache Tree,Trachyspermum ammi, Treacle Mustard, Tree Moss, Tree of Joy, Tree ofLife, Tree's Dandruff, Trefoil, Trembling Aspen, Trembling Poplar,Tremella fuciformis, Tribulus, Tribulus terrestris, Tricolor Garlic,Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Trigonella, Trigonellafoenum-graecum, Trillium, Trillium erectum, Triticum aestivum,Tropaeolum minus, Tormentil, True Angostura, True Chamomile, TrueLavender, True Oregano, True Sage, True Taragon, True Unicorn Root,Tse-lan, Tuber Root, Tuckahoe, Tulasi, Tulsi, Tumeric Root, Tuna Cactus,Turkey Burrseed, Turkish Oregano, Turmeric, Turnera Diffusa,Turtlebloom, Turtlehead, Tussilago farfara, Twak, Twinflower, Tzu-mo-lo,Uassi, Ulmus rubra, Uma, Umbrella Plant, Umcka, Umckaloabo, Una De Gato,Uncaria tomentosa, Undaria pinnatifida, Upland Cotton, Upland Cress,Upland Cranberry, Uppagi, Upside-Down Tree, Urginea maritima, Urticadioica, Usnea, Usnea spp., Uva ursi, Vaccinium macrocarpon, Vacciniummyrtillus, Valerian, Valeriana officinalis, Vandalroot, Vanilla, Vanillafragrans, Vanilla Grass, Vanilla planifolia, Varuna, Vegetable Antimony,Vegetable Marrow, Vegetable Sulfur, Vegetable Tallow, Vegetable Wax,Venus' Basin, Venus'-hair Fern, Verbascum thapsus, Verbena, Verbenaofficinalis, Vermont Valerian, Vernonia amygdalina, Veronica beccabunga,Veronica officinalis, Vervain, Vetiver, Vetiveria zizanioides, Vetivert,Viburnum opulus, Viburnum prunifolium, Vietnamese Cilantro, VietnameseCoriander, Vietnamese Mint, Vinca minor, Vinca rosea, Vine, Violaodorata, Viola Tricolor, Violet-bloom, Virginia Bugleweed, VirginiaDogwood, Virginia Prune, Virginia Skullcap, Virginia Snakeroot, VirginiaWater Horehound, Viscum album, Visnaga, Vitellaria paradoxa, Vitex,Vitex agnus-castus, Vitis vinifera, Vomitroot, Wachsgagl, Wakame, WakeRobin, Waldmeister, Wallflower, Walnut, Wasabi, Wasabia japonica, Wasei,Water Bugle, Watercress, Water Dragon, Water Flag, Water Horehound,Water Hyssop, Water Lily, Water Mint, Water Pimpernel, Water Shamrock,Water Thistle, Wattle, Wax Cluster, Wax Dolls, Wax Myrtle, Way Bennet,Weeping Ash, Weeping Forsythia, Wheatgrass, Whinberry,Whippoorwill's-shoe, Whistling Thorn, White Archangel, White Ash, WhiteBirch, White Bird's-eye, White Bryony, White Cedar, White CeremonialSage, White Chamomile, White Clover, White Deadnettle, White Endive,White Flower De Luce, White Horehound, White Jelly-leaf, White Muer,White Lotus, White Mustard, White Nettle, White Pine, White Poplar,White Sage, White Tansy, Whitethorn, White Tree-ear, White Turmeric,White Walnut, White Willow, Whitten Tree, Whorlywort, Whortleberry,Whorts, Wild Allspice, Wild Angelica, Wild Black Cherry, Wild Brier,Wild Bryony, Wild Carrot, Wild Celery, Wild Chamomile, Wild Chicory,Wild Cotton, Wild Crocus, Wild Endive, Wild Fennel, Wild Geranium, WildHops, Wild Indigo, Wild Iris, Wild Lemon, Wild Lettuce, Wild Mandrake,Wild Marjoram, Wild Oats, Wild Opium, Wild Pansy, Wild Parsnip, WildPassionflower, Wild Pieplant, Wild Rhubarb, Wild Rye, Wild Snakeroot,Wild Strawberries, Wild Succory, Wild Sunflower, Wild Sweetsop, WildTansy, Wild Teasel, Wild Thyme, Wild Tobacco, Wild Valerian, Wild Vine,Wild Yam, Willow, Willow Herb, Windflower, Wind Root, Wineberry, WinterBerry, Winterbloom, Winter Cherry, Winter Clover, Wintergreen,Winterlien, Winter Marjoram, Winter Savory, Winter Thyme, Winterweed,Witches'-moneybags, Witchgrass, Witch Hazel, Witch's Bells, Withania,Withania somnifera, Wolfsbane, Wolfs Claw, Woman's Long Hair, WoodBetony, Woodbine, Wood Boneset, Wood Ear Fungus, Woodland Germander,Woodland Strawberry, Wood Licorice, Woodruff, Wood Sage, WoodStrawberry, Wood Turmeric, Wood Vine, Woodward, Woody Nightshade, WoollyMint, Woolly Thistle, Worm Grass, Wormseed, Wormweed, Wormwood,Woundwort, Wu-pa-ho, Wu-wei-zi, Wycopy, Xiao-hue-xiang, Xi Shu, Xu KuCao, Yacon, Yacuma, Yang-Mei, Yape, Yarrow, Yasmin, Yasti Madhu,Yawroot, Yellow Bedstraw, Yellow Cedar, Yellow Dock, Yellow Eye, YellowGinseng, Yellow Indian Paint, Yellow Indian Shoe, Yellow Indigo, YellowJasmine, Yellow Jessamine, Yellow Lark's Heels, Yellow Locust, YellowLoosestrife, Yellow Melilot, Yellow Mustard, Yellow Paint Root, YellowPoppy, Yellow Puccoon, Yellow Rocket, Yellowroot, Yellow Thistle, YellowVine, Yerba, Yerba Buena, Yerba Mansa, Yerba Manza, Yerba Santa,Yin-hsing, Yin Yang Huo, Ylang Ylang Tree, Yohimbe, Yohimbine, Yucca,Yucca spp., Yueh-kuei, Yuma, Yu Mi Shu, Yuzu, Yuyu Chonta, Zaatar,Zacate Limon, Zanthoxylum americanum, Zea Mays, Zedoary, or Zingiberofficinale.

Probiotics can also be included in cannabis oil compositions preparedaccording to the invention. Examples of suitable probiotics include, butare not limited to, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Arthrobacter agilis,Arthrobacter citreus, Arthrobacter globiformis, Arthrobacter luteus,Arthrobacter simplex, Azotobacter chroococcum, Azotobacter paspali,Azospirillum brasiliense, Azospirillum lipoferum, Bacillus ssp. (e.g.,Bacillus brevis, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus laterosporus, Bacillusmarcerans, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus polymyxa, Bacillus sphaericus,Bacillus subtilis), Bacteroides lipolyticum, Bacteroides succinogenes,Bifidobacterium ssp. (e.g., Bifidobacterium animalis lactis,Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium infantis, Bifidobacteriumlactis, Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium animalis,Bifidobacterium breve), Brevibacterium lipolyticum, Brevibacteriumstationis, Enterococcus faecium, Kurthia zopfii, Lactobacillus ssp.(e.g., Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillusbulgaricus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus delbrueckii LE,Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus helveticus, Lactobacillus lacris,Lactobacillus paracasei, Lactobacillus plantarumtarum, Lactobacillusreuteri, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus salivarius,Lactobacillus sporogenes), Myrothecium verrucaria, Pseudomonas calcis,Pseudomonas dentrificans, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas glathei,Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Saccharomyces boulardii, Saccharomycescerevisiae, Streptococcus thermophilus, Streptomyces fradiae,Streptomyces cellulosae, Streptomyces griseoflavus, and combinationsthereof.

Homeopathic remedies can also be included in cannabis oil compositionsprepared according to the invention. Examples of suitable homeopathicremedies and indications that can be treated with homeopathic remediesinclude, but are not limited to, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ATCH),Abies canadensis, Abies nigra, Abrotanum, Absinthium, Acacia Arabica,Acalypha indica, Acetaldehyde, Acetanilidum, Aceticum acidum,Acetylsalicylicum acidum, Achyranthis calea, Aconite or Aconitum nap,Aconitum ferox, Aconitum lycoctonum, Aconitum napellus, Aconitum, Radix,Acorus calamus or Calamus, Actaea spicata Acrylate, Actaea rac orCimicifuga, Actaea spic, Adamas, Adelheidsquelle, Adenosinumcyclophosphoricum, Adeps suillus, Adipose Tissue, Adonis vernalis,Adrenal Cortex, Adrenal Gland, Adrenalinum or Epinephrine,Adrenocorticotrophin, Aesculinum, Aesculus carnea, Flos, Aesculusglabra, Aesculus hippocastanum, Aesculus hippocastanum Flos, Aethiopsantimonialis, Aethiops mercurialis-mineralis, Aethusa cynapium,Agaricinum, Agaricus campanulatus, Agaricus campestris, Agaricuscitrinus, Agaricus emeticus, Agaricus muscarius, Agaricus pantherinus,Agaricus phalloides, Agaricus procerus, Agaricus semiglobatus, Agaricusstercorarius, Agave americana, Agave tequilana, Agnus castus, Agraphisnutans, Agrimonia eupatoria, Agrimonia eupatoria, Flos, Agrimoniaodorata, Flos, Agrostemma githago, Ailanthus glandulosus, Aletrisfarinosa, Alfalfa, Alisma plantago, Allium cepa, Allium sativum,Alloxanum, Alnus glutinosa, Alnus serrulata, Aloe socotrina, Alstoniaconstricta, Alstonia scholaris, Althaea officinalis, Alumen or Alum,Alumina, Alumina silicata, Aluminum metallicum, Aluminum muriaticum,Ambra grisea, Ambrosia artemisiaefolia, Ammi visnaga, Ammoniacum gummi,Ammonium aceticum, Ammonium benzoicum, Ammonium bromatum, Ammoniumcarbonicum, Ammonium causticum, Ammonium citricum, Ammonium iodatum,Ammonium muriaticum, Ammonium nitricum, Ammonium phosphoricum, Ammoniumpicricum, Ammonium tartaricum, Ammonium valerianicum, Ammonium vanadium,Amorphophallus rivieri, Ampelopsis quinquefolia, Amygdala amara,Amygdalae amarae aqua, Amygdalae amarae oleum, Amygdalus persica, Amylnitrosum, Anacardium occidentale, Anacardium orientale, Anagallisarvensis, Ananassa, Anas barbariae Hepatis Et Cordis Extractum,Anatherum muricatum, Anchusa officinalis, Anemone nemorosa, Anemopsiscalifornica, Anethum graveolens, Angelica archangelica, Angelicaatropurpurea, Angelica sinensis, Radix, Angophora lanceolata, Angusturavera, Anhalonium lewinii, Anilinum, Anilinum sulphuricum, Anisum,Anthemis nobilis, Anthemis pyrethrum, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Anthracinum(anthrax), Antimonium arsenicicum, Antimonium crudum, AntimoniumIodatum, Antimonium Muriaticum, Antimonium Oxydatum, AntimoniumSulphuratum Aureum, Antimonium Tartaricum, Antipyrinum, Apatite,Apiolum, Apis mellifica, Apis venenum purum, Apium graveolens, Apocynumandrosaemifolium, Apocynum cannabinum, Apomorphinum, Apomorphinummuriaticum, Aqua marina, Aquilegia vulgaris, Aralia hispida, Araliaquinquefolia, Aralia racemosa, Aranea diadema, Arbutinum, Arbutusandrachne, Areca catechu, Argemone mexicana, Argentum cyanatum, Argentumiodatum, Argentum metallicum, Argentum muriaticum, Argentum nitricum,Argentum oxydatum, Argentum phosphoricum, Aristolochia clematitis,Aristolochia milhomens, Aristolochia serpentaria, Arnica montana, Arnicamontana, Radix, Arsenicum album, Arsenicum bromatum, Arsenicum iodatum,Arsenicum metallicum, Arsenicum sulphuratum flavum, Arsenicumsulphuratum rubrum, Artemisia vulgaris, Arum dracontium, Arum italicum,Arum maculatum, Arum triphyllum, Arundo mauritanica, Asafoetida, Asarumcanadense, Asarum europaeum, Asclepias curassavica, Asclepias incarnata,Asclepias syriaca, Asclepias tuberosa, Asclepias vincetoxicum, Asclepiasvincetoxicum folia, Asimina triloba, Asparagus officinalis, Asperulaodorata, Astacus fluviatilis, Asterias rubens, Astragalus menziesii,Atropinum, Atropinum sulphuricum, Aurum bromatum, Aurum iodatum, Aurummet, Arum MUR, Aurum muriaticum kalinatum, Aurum muriaticum natronatum,Aurum sulphuratum, Avena sativa, Aviaire, Azadirachta indica, Bacillinumof Burnet, Badiaga, Baja, Balsamum Peru, Baptisia tinctoria, Barosmacren, Baryta acetica, Baryta carbonica, Baryta iodata, Baryta muriatica,BCG, Belladonna, Belladonna, Radix, Bellis perennis, Benzinum, Benzinumdinitricum, Benzoicum acidum, Benzoinum, Berberinum, Berberisaquifolium, Berberis vulgaris, Berberis Vulgaris, Fructus, Berylliummetallicum, Beta vulgaris, Betainum muriaticum, Betula pendula, Cortex,Betula pendula, Folia, Bismuthum metallicum, Bismuthum oxydatum,Bismuthum subnitricum, Bixa orellana, Blatta americana, BlattaOrientalis, Boldo, Boletus luridus, Boletus satanas, Bombyxprocessionea, Borago officinalis, Borax, Boricum acidum, Botulinum,Bovista, Brassica napus, Bromelain, Bromium, Bromus ramosus, Flos,Brucinum, Bryonia alba, Bufo rana, Bunias orientalis, Buthus australis,Butyricum acidum, Buxus sempervirens, Cacao, Cactus grandiflorus,Cadmium bromatum, Cadmium iodatum, Cadmium metallicum, Cadmiummuriaticum, Cadmium sulphuratum, Cadmium sulphuricum, Caffeinum,Cahinca, Cajuputum, Caladium seguinum, Calcarea acetica, Calcareaarsenicica, Calcarea carbonica, Calcarea caustica, Calcarea fluorica,Calcarea hypochlorata, Calcarea hypophosphorosa, Calcarea iodata,Calcarea lactica, Calcarea muriatica, Calcarea oxalica, Calcareaphosphorica, Calcarea picrata, Calcarea silicata, Calcarea sulphurica,Calendula officinalis, Calluna vulgaris, Flos, Calotropis gigantea,Caltha palustris, Camphora, Camphora monobromata, Camphoricum acidum,Canchalagua, Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis, Canine Dapp,Cantharidinum, Cantharis, Capsicum, Capsicum annuum, Carbo animalis,Carbo vegetabilis, Carbolicum acidum, Carboneum, Carboneum chloratum,Carboneum hydrogenisatum, Carboneum oxygenisatum, Carboneum sulphuratum,Carcinosinum, Cardiospermum, Carduus benedictus, Carduus marianus,Carpinus betulus, Flos, Cartilago Suis, Carum carvi, Cascarilla,Cassada, Castanea sativa, Flos, Castanea vesca, Castor equi, Castoreum,Catalpa bignonioides, Caulophyllum thalictroides, Causticum, Ceanothusamericanus, Cedron, Celtis occidentalis, Cenchris contortrix, Centaureatagana, Centaurium umbellatum, Flos, Cephalanthus occidentalis, Cerasusvirginiana, Ceratostigma willmottianum, Flos, Cereus bonplandii, Cereusserpentinus, Cerium oxalicum, Cetraria islandica, Chamomilla,Cheiranthus cheiri, Chelidonium majus, Chelidonium majus, Radix, Cheloneglabra, Chenopodii glauci aphis, Chenopodium anthelminticum, Chenopodiumvulvaria, Chimaphila maculata, Chimaphila umbellata, Chininumarsenicicum, Chininum arsenicosum, Chininum muriaticum, Chininum purum,Chininum salicylicum, Chininum sulphuricum, Chionanthus virginica,Chloralum, Chloramphenicolum, Chlorinum, Chloroforum, Chlorpromazinum,Cholera, Cholesterinum, Cholinum, Chromicum acidum, Chromium kalisulphuricum, Chromium oxydatum, Chromium sulphuricum, Chrysanthemumleucanthemum, Chrysarobinum, Cicer arietinum, Cichorium intybus,Cichorium intybus, Flos, Cicuta maculata, Cicuta virosa, Cimexlectularius, Cimicifuga racemosa, Cina, Cinchona officinalis, Cinchoniumsulphuricum, Cineraria maritima, Cineraria maritima, Succus, Cinnamomum,Cistus canadensis, Citricum acidum, Citrus decumana, Citrus limonum,Citrus vulgaris, Clematis erecta, Clematis virginiana, Clematis vitalba,Flos, Clematis vitalba, Folia, Cobaltum metallicum, Cobaltum muriaticum,Cobaltum nitricum, Coccinella septempunctata, Cocculus indicus, Coccuscacti, Cochlearia armoracia, Cochlearia officinalis, Coenzyme A, Coffeacruda, Coffea tosta, Colchicinum, Colchicum autumnale, Colibacillinum,Collinsonia Canadensis, Colocynthinum, Colocynthis, Colostrum,Comocladia Dentata, Conchiolinum, Condurango, Coniinum, ConiinumBromatum, Conium maculatum, Convallaria majalis, Convolvulus arvensis,Copaiva officinalis, Corallium rubrum, Corallorhiza odontorhiza,Coriaria ruscifolia, Cornus alternifolia, Cornus circinata, Cornusflorida, Cortisone aceticum, Corydalis canadensis, Cotyledon umbilicus,Coumarinum, Crataegus oxyacantha, Cresolum, Crocus sativus, Crotaluscascavella, Crotalus horridus, Croton tiglium, Crotonchloralum, Cubebaofficinalis, Cucurbita citrullus, Cucurbita pepo, Flos, Cucurbita pepo,Semen, Culex musca, Cuphea petiolata, Cupressus australis, Cupressuslawsoniana, Cuprum aceticum, Cuprum ammonio-sulphuricum, Cuprumarsenicosum, Cuprum carbonicum, Cuprum metallicum, Cuprum muriaticum,Cuprum nitricum, Cuprum oxydatum nigrum, Cuprum sulphuricum, Curare,Cyclamen europaeum, Cydonia vulgaris, Cynara scolymus, Cynodon dactylon,Cypripedium pubescens, Cysteinum, Cytisus scoparius, Damiana, Daphneindica, Datura arborea, Datura metel, DDT, Delphininum, Derris pinnata,Dichapetalum, Dictamnus albus, Digitalinum, Digitalis purpurea,Digitoxinum, Dioscorea villosa, Dioscoreinum, Diphtherinum,Diphtherotozinum, Diptherinum, Diptherotoxinum, Dirca palustris, DNA,Dolichos pruriens, Doryphora decemlineata, Draba verna, Droserarotundifolia, DTTAB (Diptheria), Duboisia myoporoides, Dulcamara,Dulcamara, Flos, Dysentery, E. Coli, Ear, Labyrinth of (inner ear), Ear,Middle, Eberthinum, Echinacea angustifolia, Echinacea purpurea, Elaeisguineensis, Elaps corallinus, Elaterium, Embryo suis, Emetinum,Enterotoccinum, Eosinum natrum, Ephedra vulgaris, Epigaea repens,Epilobium palustre, Epiphegus virginiana, Equisetum arvense, Equisetumhyemale, Eranthis hyemalis, Erechtites hieracifolia, Erigeroncanadensis, Eriodictyon californicum, Erodium, Eryngium Aquaticum,Eryngium maritimum, Erythraea centaurium, Eschscholtzia californica,Eserinum, Etherum, Ethylicum, Ethylum nitricum, Eucalyptol, Eucalyptusglobulus, Eugenia caryophyllata, Eugenia jambosa, Euonymusatropurpureus, Euonymus europaeus, Eupatorium aromaticum, Eupatoriumcannabinum, Eupatorium perfoliatum, Eupatorium purpureum, Euphorbiaamygdaloides, Euphorbia corollata, Euphorbia cyparissias, Euphorbiahypericifolia, Euphorbia lathyris, Euphorbia pilulifera, Euphorbiumofficinarum, Euphrasia officinalis, Eupion, Eyebright herb, Fagopyrumesculentum, Fagus sylvatica, Fagus sylvatica, Flos, Fel Tauri, Ferrumaceticum, Ferrum arsenicicum, Ferrum bromatum, Ferrum carbonicum, Ferrumcitricum, Ferrum cyanatum, Ferrum iodatum, Ferrum lacticum, Ferrummetallicum, Ferrum muriaticum, Ferrum pernitricum, Ferrum phosphoricum,Ferrum picricum, Ferrum sulphuricum, Ferrum tartaricum, Ferula glauca,Ficus religiosa, Filix mas, Foeniculum vulgare, Folliculinum,Formalinum, Formica rufa, Formicum acidum, Fragaria vesca, Francisceauniflora, Fraxinus americana, Fraxinus excelsior, Fuchsinum, Fucusvesiculosus, Fumaria officinalis, Fumaricum acidum, Funiculusumbilicalis suis, Galanthus nivalis, Galega officinalis, Galium aparine,Gallicum acidum, Galphimia glauca, Gambogia, Garlic, Gaultheriaprocumbens, Gelsemium sempervirens, Genista tinctoria, Gentianacruciata, Gentiana lutea, Gentiana quinqueflora, Gentianella amarella,Flos, Geranium maculatum, Geranium robertianum, Geum rivale, Geumurbanum, Ginkgo biloba, Glandula suprarenalis suis, Glechoma hederacea,Glonoinum, Glycerinum, Glycogenum, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Gnaphaliumleontopodium, Gnaphalium polycephalum, Gnaphalium uliginosum,Gonotoxinum, Gossypium herbaceum, Granatum, Graphites, Gratiolaofficinalis, Grindelia, Guaco, Guaiacum, Guarea trichilioides, Guatteriagaumeri, Gunpowder, Gymnocladus Canadensis, Haematoxylon campechianum,Haemophilus Infl. B, Hair Bulb, Pilo Sebaceous Zone, Hamamelisvirginiana, Haronga madagas-cariensis, Hedeoma pulegioides, Hederahelix, Hekla lava, Helianthemum nummularium, Flos, Helianthus annuus,Heliotropium peruvianum, Helix tosta, Helleborus foetidus, Helleborusniger, Helleborus viridis, Heloderma, Helonias dioica, Hepar suis, Heparsulphuris calcareum, Hepar sulphuris Kalinum, Hepatica triloba,Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, Heracleum sphondylium, HerpesZoster, Hippozaeninum, Hippuricum Acidum, Hirudinum, HistaminumHydrochloricum, Hoang-Nan, Hoitzia Coccinea, Holarrhena Antidysenterica,Homarus, Hottonia Palustris, Flos, Humulus lupulus, Hura brasiliensis,Hura crepitans, Hydrangea arborescens, Hydrastininum muriaticum,Hydrastis canadensis, Hydrocotyle asiatica, Hydrocyanicum acidum,Hydrofluoricum acidum, Hydrophis cyanocinctus, Hydrophyllum virginianum,Hyoscyaminum, Hyoscyaminum, Hydrobromatum, Hyoscyamus niger, Hypericumperforatum, Hypothalamus, Iberis amara, Ichthyolum, Ignatia amara, Ilexaquifolium, Ilex aquifolium, Flos, Ilex Paraguariensis, Illiciumanisatum, Impatiens glandulifera, Flos, Imperatoria ostruthium, Indigo,Indium metallicum, Indolum, Influenzinum, Inula helenium, Iodium,Iodoformum, Ipecacuanha, Ipomoea stans, Iridium metallicum, Irisflorentina, Iris foetidissima, Iris germanica, Iris tenax, Irisversicolor, Jacaranda caroba, Jalapa, Jasminum officinale, Jasper,Jatropha curcas, Jatropha urens, Jequirity, Jonesia asoca, Juglanscinerea, Juglans regia, Juglans regis, Flos, Juncus effusus, Juniperuscommunis, Juniperus virginiana, Justicia adhatoda, Kali aceticum, Kaliarsenicosum, Kali bichromicum, Kali bromatum, Kali carbonicum, Kalicausticum, Kali chloricum, Kali chromicum, Kali cyanatum, Kaliferrocyanatum, Kali iodatum, Kali muriaticum, Kali nitricum, Kalioxalicum, Kali permanganicum, Kali phosphoricum, Kali picricum, Kalisilicatum, Kali sulphuricum, Kali tartaricum, Kali telluricum, Kalmialatifolia, Kamala, Karaka, Karwinskia Humboldtiana, Kino australiensis,Kousso, Kreosotum, Laburnum anagyroides, Lac caninum, Lac defloratum,Lac felinum, Lac maternum, Lac vaccinum, Lacerta agilis, Lachesis Mutus,Lachnanthes tinctoria, Lacticum acidum, Lactuca virosa, Lamium album,Lapis albus, Lappa major, Larix decidua, Flos, Lathyrus cicera, Lathyrussativus, Latrodectus katipo, Latrodectus mactans, Laurocerasus, Lecithingranules, Lecithin potenized, Ledum palustre, Lemna minor, Leonuruscardiaca, Lepidium bonariense, Leptandra virginica, Lespedeza capitata,Levico, Levisticum officinale, Levomepromazinum, Liatris spicata, Liliumtigrinum, Limulus, Linaria vulgaris, Linum catharticum, Linumusitatissimum, Lithium benzoicum, Lithium bromatum, Lithium carbonicum,Lithium muriaticum, Lobelia cardinalis, Lobelia erinus, Lobelia inflata,Lobelia purpurescens, Lobelia syphilitica, Lobelinum, Lolium temulentum,Lonicera caprifolium, Flos, Lonicera periclymenum, Lonicera xylosteum,Lophophytum leandri, Luesinum, Luffa operculata, Lupulinum, Lycopersicumesculentum, Lycopodium clavatum, Lycopus virginicus, Lysimachianummularia, Lyssin, Lyssinum, Macrotinum, Magnesia Carbonica, MagnesiaMuriatica, Magnesia Oxydata, Magnesia Phosphorica, Magnesia Sulphurica,Magnesium Metallicum, Magnolia glauca, Magnolia grandiflora, MalariaOff., Malus pumila, Flos, Mancinella, Mandragora officinarum, Manganumaceticum, Manganum carbonicum, Manganum metallicum, Manganum muriaticum,Manganum oxydatum nativum, Manganum oxydatum nigrum, Manganumphosphoricum, Manganum sulphuricum, Mangifera indica, Marrubium vulgare,Matico, Matthiola graeca, Medorrhinum (Gonorrheal virus), Medulla OssisSuis, Medusa, Melastoma ackermani, Melilotus alba, Melilotusofficinalis, Melissa officinalis, Menispermum canadense, Menthapiperita, Mentha pulegium, Mentha viridis, Mentholum, Menyanthestrifoliata, Mephitis mephitica, Mercurialis perennis, Mercuriusaceticus, Mercurius auratus, Mercurius bromatus, Mercurius corrosivus,Mercurius Cum Kali Iodatus, Mercurius cyanatus, Mercurius dulcis,Mercurius iodatus flavus, Mercurius iodatus ruber, Mercurius methylenus,Mercurius nitricus, Mercurius Praecipitatus Albus, MercuriusPraecipitatus Ruber, Mercurius Solubilis, Mercurius Sulphocyanatus,Mercurius Sulphuratus Ruber, Mercurius Sulphuricus, Mercurius Vivus,Methylene Blue, Mezereum, Millefolium, Mimosa pudica, Mimulus guttatus,Flos, Mitchella repens, Momordica balsamina, Mononucleosis, Monotropauniflora, Morbillinum (Measles), Moschus, Mucosa Nasalis Suis, MulleinEssence, Murex purpurea, Muriaticum acidum, Musa sapientum, Mygale,Myosotis arvensis, Myrica cerifera, Myristica sebifera, Myrrha, Myrtuscommunis, Nabalus serpentarius, Nadidum, Naja tripudians, Naphthalinum,Narceinum, Narcissus, Pseudo-, Narcissus, Narcotinum, Nasturtiumaquaticum, Natrum arsenicicum, Natrum bicarbonicum, Natrum bromatum,Natrum carbonicum, Natrum fluoratum, Natrum hypochlorosum, Natrumlacticum, Natrum muriaticum, Natrum nitricum, Natrum nitrosum, Natrumoxalaceticum, Natrum phosphoricum, Natrum pyruvicum, Natrum salicylicum,Natrum silicofluoricum, Natrum sulphuratum, Natrum sulphuricum, Natrumsulphurosum, Negundo, Nepenthes, Nepeta cataria, Niccolum carbonicum,Niccolum metallicum, Niccolum sulphuricum, Nicotinamidum, Nicotinum,Nitri spiritus dulcis, Nitricum acidum, Nitrogenum oxygenatum,Nitromuriaticum acidum, Nosode Kit, Nosode-Select your own, NuclearRadiation, Nuphar luteum, Nux moschata, Nux vomica, Nymphaea odorata,Ocimum basilicum, Ocimum canum, Ocimum sanctum, Oenanthe crocata,Oenothera biennis, Olea europaea, Flos, Oleander, Oleum animale, Oleumcarvi, Oleum morrhuae, Oleum ricini, Oleum santali, Olibanum, Oniscus,Ononis spinosa, Onopordum, Onosmodium virginianum, Oophorinum, Opuntiavulgaris, Orchitinum, Oreodaphne californica, Origanum majorana,Ornithogalum umbellatum, Ornithogalum umbellatum, Flos, Oroticum acidum,Oscillococcinum, Osmium metallicum, Ostrya, Ova tosta, Ovi gallinaepellicula, Oxalicum acidum, Oxalis acetosella, Oxydendrum arboreum,Oxytropis lambertii, Paeonia officinalis, Palladium metallicum,Paloondo, Pancreas Suis, Pancreatinum, Paraffinum, Parathormonum,Parathyroid, Paratyphoidinum B, Pareira brava, Parietaria officinalis,Paris quadrifolia, Paronichia illecebrum, Parotidinum (Mumps),Parthenium, Passiflora incarnata, Pastinaca sativa, Paullinia pinnata,Paullinia sorbilis, Pecten, Pediculus capitis, Penicillinum, Penthorumsedoides, Pepsinum, Perhexilinum, Persea americana, Pertussinum(Whooping Cough), Petiveria tetrandra, Petroleum, Petroselinum sativum,Phallus impudicus, Phaseolus, Phellandrium aquaticum, Phenacetinum,Phenobarbitalum, Phloridzinum, Phosphoricum Acidum, Phosphorus, PhysalisAlkekenge, Physotigma venenosum, Phytolacca decandra, Pichi, Picricumacidum, Picrotoxinum, Pilocarpinum, Pilocarpinum Muriaticum,Pilocarpinum Nitricum, Pilocarpus, Pimenta officinalis, Pimpinellasaxifraga, Pinus lambertiana, Pinus sylvestris, Pinus sylvestris, Flos,Piper methysticum, Piper nigrum, Piperazinum, Piscidia erythrina,Pituitarum Posterium, Pix Liquida, Placenta Totalis Suis, Plague,Plantago major, Platanus, Platinum metallicum, Platinum muriaticum,Plectranthus fruticosus, Plumbago littoralis, Plumbum aceticum, Plumbumcarbonicum, Plumbum chromicum, Plumbum iodatum, Plumbum metallicum,Pneumococcinum, Podophyllinum, Podophyllum peltatum, Polio, Polygonumpunctatum, Polygonum sagittatum, Polyporus officinalis, Polyporuspinicola, Populus candicans, Populus tremula, Flos, Populus tremuloides,Potentilla anserina, Pothos foetidus, Primula obconica, Primula veris,Primula vulgaris, Proteus bulgaris, Proteus vulgaris, Prunus cerasifera,Flos, Prunus padus, Prunus spinosa, Prunus virginiana, Psorinum, Pteleatrifoliata, Pulex irritans, Pulsatilla niger, Pulsatilla nuttalliana,Pyrethrum parthenium, Pyridoxinum Hydrochloricum, Pyrogenium-sepsis,Pyrus americana, Quassia amara, Quebracho, Quercus glandium spiritus,Quercus robur, Quercus robur, Flos, Quillaja saponaria, Radium bromatum,Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus bulbosus, Ranunculus ficaria, Ranunculusglacialis, Ranunculus repens, Ranunculus sceleratus, Raphanus sativus,Ratanhia, Rauwolfia Serpentina, Reserpinum, Resina laricis, Resorcinum,Rhamnus californica, Rhamnus cathartica, Rhamnus frangula, Rhamnuspurshiana, Rheum officinale, Rhodium metallicum, Rhododendronchrysanthum, Rhus aromatica, Rhus diversiloba, Rhus glabra, Rhustoxicodendron, Rhus venenata, Riboflavinum, Ricinus communis, RNA,Robinia pseudoacacia, Rock Water, Rosa canina, Rosa canina, Flos, Rosadamascena, Rosmarinus officinalis, Rubella (German Measles), Rubeola(Measles), Rubia tinctorum, Rumex acetosa, Rumex crispus, Rumexobtusifolius, Russula foetens, Ruta graveolens, Sabidilla, Sabalserrulata, Sabina, Saccharinum, Saccharum lactis, Saccharum officinale,Salicinum, Salicylicum acidum, Salix alba, Salix nigra, Salix purpurea,Salix vitellina, Flos, Salmonella, Salol, Salvia officinalis,Samarskite, Sambucus canadensis, Sambucus nigra, Sanguinaria canadensis,Sanguinarinum nitricum, Sanicula, Santoninum, Saponaria officinalis,Saponinum, Sarcode-Select your own organ remedy, Sarcolacticum acidum,Sarracenia purpurea, Sarsaparilla, Sassafras officinale, Scammonium,Scarlatinum, secale-Ergot schinus molle, Scilla maritima, Scleranthusannuus, Flos, Scolopendra, Scolopendrium vulgare, Scopolaminumhydrobromidum, Scrophularia nodosa, Scutellaria lateriflora, Secalecornutum, Secale-ergot, Sedum acre, Selenium metallicum, Sempervivumtectorum, Senecio aureus, Senecio jacobaea, Senega officinalis, Senna,Sepia, Serum anguillae, Serum anticolibacillaire, Serum De Yersin, SerumEqui, Shigella, Silica marina, Silicea, Silphium laciniatum, Sinapisalba, Sinapis arvensis, Flos, Sinapis nigra, Sinusitisinum, Siumlatifolium, Skatolum, Skookum Chuck, Slag, Solaninum, Solanum arrebenta,Solanum carolinense, Solanum mammosum, Solanum nigrum, Solanumoleraceum, Solanum tuberosum, Solidago virgaurea, Sparteinumsulphuricum, Spigelia anthelmia, Spigelia marilandica, Spilanthesoleracea, Spinacia, Spiraea ulmaria, Spiranthes autumnalis, SpongiaEncephalitis, Spongia tosta, Stachys betonica, Stannum iodatum, Stannummetallicum, Staphyloccoccus aureus, Staphylococcinum, Staphylotoxinum,Staphysagria, Stellaria media, Sterculia acuminata, Stibium metallicum,Sticta pulmonaria, Stigmata maidis, Stillingia sylvatica, Stramonium,Streptococcinum, Strontium bromatum, Strontium carbonicum, Strontiumnitricum, Strophanthus hispidus, Strophanthus sarmentosus, Strychninum,Strychinum arsenicicum, Strychinum nitricum, Strychninum phosphoricum,Strychninum sulphuricum, Succinicum acidum, Succinum, Sulphanilamidum,Sulphonalum, Sulphur, Sulphur Hydrogenisatum, Sulphur Iodatum,Sulphuricum Acidum, Sulphurosum Acidum, Sumbul, SymphoricarpusRacemosus, Symphytum Officinale, Syphilinum (Luesinum), Syzygiumjambolanum, Tabacum, Tamus communis, Tanacetum vulgare, Tanghiniavenenifera, Tannicum acidum, Taraxacum officinale, Taraxacum officinale,Radix, Tarentula cubensis, Tarentula hispana, Tartaricum acidum, Taxusbaccata, Tellurium metallicum, Teplitz, Terebinthina, Tetanotoxinum,Tetradymite, Teucrium marum, Teucrium scorodonia, Thallium metallicum,Thaspium aureum, Thea Sinensis, Theobrominum, Theridion, Thiaminumhydrochloricum, Thioproperazinum, Thiosinaminum, Thlaspi bursa-pastoris,Thuja lobbi, Thuja occidentalis, Thymolum, Thymus serpyllum,Thyroidinum, Tilia europaea, Titanium metallicum, Tongo, Tormentilla,Torula cerevisiae, Toxicophis pugnax, Tradescantia diuretica, Tribulusterrestris, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Trillium pendulum,Trimethylaminum, Triosteum perfoliatum, Triticum repens, Tropaeolummajus, Tuberculinum, Tuberculinum Residuum, Tussilago farfara, Tussilagofragrans, Tussilago petasites, Typhoidinum, Ulex europaeus, Flos, Ulmusfulva, Ulmus procera, Flos, Upas tieute, Uranium nitricum, Urea, Uricumacidum, Urtica crenulata, Urtica dioica, Urtica urens, Usnea barbata,Ustilago maidis, Uva-ursi herb, Uva-ursi, V.A.B.-BCG, Vacciniummyrtillus, Vaccinotoxinum, Valeriana officinalis, Vanadium metallicum,Varicella enus Mercenaria (Chicken Pox), Variolinum (Smallpox),Veratrinum, Veratrum album, Veratrum nigrum, Veratrum viride, Verbascumthapsus, Verbena hastata, Verbena officinalis, Verbena officinalis,Flos, Veronica beccabunga, Veronica officinalis, Vesicaria, Vespacrabro, Viburnum Opulus, Viburnum prunifolium, Vinca minor, Viloaodorata, Viola Tricolor, Vipera berus, Viscum album, Vitamin B12,Vitamin K, Vitis vinifera, Flos, Wiesbaden, Wyethia helenioides, X-Ray,Xanthoxylum fraxineum, Xerophyllum asphodeloides, Yohimbinum, Yuccafilamentosa, Zincum aceticum, Zincum bromatum, Zincum carbonicum, Zincumcyanatum, Zincum gluconicum, Zincum iodatum, Zincum metallicum, Zincummuriaticum, Zincum oxydatum, Zincum phosphoratum, Zincum picricum,Zincum sulphuricum, Zincum valerianicum, Zingiber officinale, andcombinations thereof.

Flower essences can also be included in cannabis oil compositionsprepared according to the invention. Examples of suitable floweressences include, but are not limited to, Acacia, Actaea, Agrimony,Alpine Lily, Angel's Trumpet, AloeVera, Angelica, Basil, Apricot, ArnicaBeech, Aspen, Avocado, Beech, Bee Balm, Black Cohosh, Baby Blue Eyes,Black-Eyed Susan, Blackberry, Bloodroot, Calendula, Bleeding Heart,California Fuchsia, California Pitcher Plant, Borage, Buttercup,California Wild Rose, California Poppy, CallaLily, Cerato, CanyonDudleya, Chamomile, Cayenne, Cedar, Chaparral, Centaury, Centauriumerythraea or Centaurium umbellatum, Cerato, Cherry Plum, Chestnut Bud,Corn, Dandelion, Chicory, Cinquefoil, Coffee, Coreopsis, Crab Apple,Chrysanthemum, Clematis, Desert Dandelion, Deerbrush, Cosmos, Dill, Elm,Evening Primrose, Dogwood, Easter Lily, Eucalyptus, Fairy Lantern,Echinacea, Fawn Lily, Fig, Filaree, Gentian, Goldenrod, Forget-Me-Not,Golden Ear Drops, Golden Yarrow, Fuchsia, Garlic, Gorse, Honeysuckle,Heather, Hornbeam, Hibiscus, Hound's Tongue, Holly, Impatiens, IndianPaintbrush, Larch, Lily, Indian Pink, Larkspur, Iris, Irisdouglasiana/Iris versicolor, Lady's Slipper, Cypripediumparviflorum/Cypripedium reginae, Lotus, Lavender, Love-Lies-Bleeding,Mariposa Lily, Madia, Magnolia, Milkweed, Mallow, Mimulus, Manzanita,Morning Glory, Motherwort, Mountain Pennyroyal, Mustard, Mountain Pride,Nasturtium, Mugwort, Nicotiana, Noni, Oak, Olive, Pine, Orange, OregonGrape, Pansy, Passion Flower, Pear, Petunia, Pink Angel's Trumpet, PinkMonkeyflower, Penstemon, Pink Yarrow Achillea millefolium var. rubra,Peppermint, Poison Oak, Pomegranate, Queen Anne's Lace, Pretty Face,Quince, Purple Monkeyflower, Rabbitbrush, Quaking Grass, Red Chestnut,Red clover, Rescue Remedy, Rock Rose, Sacred Datura, Sagebrush, ScarletPimpernel, Rock Water Solarized spring water, Saguaro, Rosemary, Rose,Saint John's Wort, Scarlet Monkeyflower, Shasta Daisy, Scleranthus,Shooting Star, Scotch Broom, Snapdragon, Squash, Self-Heal, Star ofBethlehem, Star Thistle, Sweet Chestnut, Star Tulip, Strawberry, SunCup, Sweet Pea, Sticky Monkeyflower, Tansy, Sunflower, Thyme, TigerLily, Trillium, Violet, Walnut, Trumpet Vine, Vervain, Water Lily, WaterViolet, Vine, White Chestnut, Wild Oat, Wild Rose, Yellow Star Tulip,Willow, Yerba Santa, Yarrow, Yucca, Zinnia, and combinations thereof.

In certain embodiments, additional carrier oils are added to thecannabis oils.

Examples of carrier oils include, but are not limited to: almond oil;aloe vera oil; apricot kernel oil; avocado oil; argan oil; calendulaoil; carrot seed oil; castor oil; coconut oil; evening primrose oil;fish oils and oils rich in omega-3 fatty acids (e.g., algae, krill,flaxseed); grape seed oil; hazelnut oil; hemp seed oil; jojoba oil;macadamia oil; olive oil; raspberry seed oil; sesame oil; sunflower oil;walnut oil; wheatgerm oil; and combinations thereof.

When added, a carrier oil will typically be present in an amount rangingfrom about 1% (w/w) to about 95% (w/w). A carrier oil can be present,for example, in an amount ranging from about 5% (w/w) to about 10%(w/w), or from about 10% (w/w) to about 15% (w/w), or from about 15%(w/w) to about 20% (w/w), or from about 20% (w/w) to about 25% (w/w), orfrom about 25% (w/w) to about 30% (w/w), or from about 30% (w/w) toabout 35% (w/w), or from about 35% (w/w) to about 40% (w/w), or fromabout 40% (w/w) to about 45% (w/w), or from about 45% (w/w) to about 50%(w/w), or from about 50% (w/w) to about 55% (w/w), or from about 55%(w/w) to about 60% (w/w), or from about 60% (w/w) to about 65% (w/w), orfrom about 65% (w/w) to about 70% (w/w), or from about 70% (w/w) toabout 75% (w/w), or from about 75% (w/w) to about 80% (w/w), or fromabout 80% (w/w) to about 85% (w/w), or from about 85% (w/w) to about 90%(w/w), or from about 90% (w/w) to about 95% (w/w). A carrier oil can bepresent in an amount ranging from about 5% (w/w) to about 95% (w/w), orfrom about 10% (w/w) to about 90% (w/w), or from about 15% (w/w) toabout 85% (w/w), or from about 20% (w/w) to about 80% (w/w), or fromabout 25% (w/w) to about 75% (w/w), or from about 30% (w/w) to about 70%(w/w), or from about 35% (w/w) to about 65% (w/w), or from about 40%(w/w) to about 60% (w/w), or from about 45% (w/w) to about 55% (w/w).

In some embodiments, the invention provides a cannabis oil compositioncomprising a cannabis oil (e.g., a cannabis oil extract preparedaccording to the methods described herein) and hemp seed oil as acarrier oil. In some such embodiments, the cannabis oil is present inthe cannabis oil composition in an amount ranging from about 7% (w/w) toabout 70% (w/w). In some such embodiments, hemp seed oil is present inthe cannabis oil composition in an amount ranging from about 30% (w/w)to about 95% (w/w). In some embodiments, the cannabis oil compositionfurther comprises vitamin E. In some such embodiments, the ratio of thehemp seed oil to the vitamin E is around 200:1 by weight. In some suchembodiments, vitamin E is present in the cannabis oil composition in anamount ranging from about 0.2% (w/w) to about 0.5% (w/w). Thecomposition containing cannabis oil, hemp seed oil, and vitamin E can beadministered orally via a gelatin capsule such as a vegetarian gelcapsule.

In some embodiments, the invention provides a cannabis oil compositioncomprising about 9% (w/w) cannabis oil, about 90.5% (w/w) hemp seed oil,and about 0.5% (w/w) vitamin E. In some such embodiments, the cannabisoil composition is formulated in a vegetarian gel capsule for oraladministration.

In some embodiments, the invention provides a cannabis oil compositioncomprising about 33.3% (w/w) cannabis oil, about 66.4% (w/w) hemp seedoil, and about 0.3% (w/w) vitamin E. In some such embodiments, thecannabis oil composition is formulated in a vegetarian gel capsule fororal administration.

In some embodiments, the invention provides a cannabis oil compositioncomprising about 66.7% (w/w) cannabis oil, about 33.2% (w/w) hemp seedoil, and about 0.2% (w/w) vitamin E. In some such embodiments, thecannabis oil composition is formulated in a vegetarian gel capsule fororal administration.

IV. Pharmaceutical Compositions and Methods of Administration

The cannabis oil extracts described herein are useful in the manufactureof a pharmaceutical composition or a medicament for treating a number ofconditions including, but not limited to, cancer, headaches, vertigo,body aches, and glaucoma.

Pharmaceutical compositions or medicaments for use in the presentinvention can be formulated by standard techniques or methods well-knownin the art of pharmacy using one or more physiologically acceptablecarriers or excipients. Suitable pharmaceutical carriers are describedherein and in, e.g., “Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences” by E.W.Martin. Cannabis oil extracts can be formulated for administration byany suitable route, including, but not limited to, orally, topically,nasally, rectally, vaginally, pulmonary, parenterally (e.g.,intravenously, subcutaneously, intramuscularly, etc.), and combinationsthereof. In some embodiments, the cannabis oil is diluted in a liquid,e.g., a carrier oil. The most suitable route of administration in anygiven case will depend in part on the condition being treated as well asthe response of the subject to the particular route of treatment.

In certain embodiments, cannabis oil compositions as described hereinare administered via a vaporizer or like device as described, forexample, in U.S. Pat. No. 8,915,254; U.S. Pat. Appl. Pub. No.2014/0060552; U.S. Pat. No. 8,488,952; and U.S. Pat. Appl. Pub. No.2015/0040926. Compositions for pulmonary administration also include,but are not limited to, dry powder compositions consisting of the powderof a cannabis oil described herein, and the powder of a suitable carrierand/or lubricant. The compositions for pulmonary administration can beinhaled from any suitable dry powder inhaler device known to a personskilled in the art. In certain instances, the compositions may beconveniently delivered in the form of an aerosol spray from pressurizedpacks or a nebulizer, with the use of a suitable propellant, forexample, dichlorodifluoromethane, trichlorofluoromethane,dichlorotetrafluoroethane, carbon dioxide, or other suitable gas. In thecase of a pressurized aerosol, the dosage unit can be determined byproviding a valve to deliver a metered amount. Capsules and cartridgesof, for example, gelatin for use in an inhaler or insufflator can beformulated containing a powder mix of the compound(s) and a suitablepowder base, for example, lactose or starch.

For oral administration, a pharmaceutical composition or a medicamentcan take the form of, e.g., a tablet or a capsule prepared byconventional means with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.Preferred are tablets and gelatin capsules comprising the activeingredient(s), together with (a) diluents or fillers, e.g., lactose,dextrose, sucrose, mannitol, maltodextrin, lecithin, agarose, xanthangum, guar gum, sorbitol, cellulose (e.g., ethyl cellulose,microcrystalline cellulose), glycine, pectin, polyacrylates and/orcalcium hydrogen phosphate, calcium sulfate, (b) lubricants, e.g.,silica, anhydrous colloidal silica, talcum, stearic acid, its magnesiumor calcium salt (e.g., magnesium stearate or calcium stearate), metallicstearates, colloidal silicon dioxide, hydrogenated vegetable oil, cornstarch, sodium benzoate, sodium acetate and/or polyethyleneglycol; fortablets also (c) binders, e.g., magnesium aluminum silicate, starchpaste, gelatin, tragacanth, methylcellulose, sodiumcarboxymethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone and/or hydroxypropylmethylcellulose; if desired (d) disintegrants, e.g., starches (e.g.,potato starch or sodium starch), glycolate, agar, alginic acid or itssodium or potassium salt, or effervescent mixtures; (e) wetting agents,e.g., sodium lauryl sulfate, and/or (f) absorbents, colorants, flavorsand sweeteners. Tablets can be either uncoated or coated according tomethods known in the art. The excipients described herein can also beused for preparation of buccal dosage forms and sublingual dosage forms(e.g., films and lozenges) as described, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos.5,981,552 and 8,475,832. Formulation in chewing gums as described, forexample, in U.S. Pat. No. 8,722,022, is also contemplated.

Further preparations for oral administration can take the form of, forexample, solutions, syrups, suspensions, and toothpastes. Liquidpreparations for oral administration can be prepared by conventionalmeans with pharmaceutically acceptable additives, for example,suspending agents, for example, sorbitol syrup, cellulose derivatives,or hydrogenated edible fats; emulsifying agents, for example, lecithin,xanthan gum, or acacia; non-aqueous vehicles, for example, almond oil,sesame oil, hemp seed oil, fish oil, oily esters, ethyl alcohol, orfractionated vegetable oils; and preservatives, for example, methyl orpropyl-p-hydroxybenzoates or sorbic acid. The preparations can alsocontain buffer salts, flavoring, coloring, and/or sweetening agents asappropriate.

Typical formulations for topical administration include creams,ointments, sprays, lotions, hydrocolloid dressings, and patches, as wellas eye drops, ear drops, and deodorants. Cannabis oils can beadministered via transdermal patches as described, for example, in U.S.Pat. Appl. Pub. No. 2015/0126595 and U.S. Pat. No. 8,449,908.Formulation for rectal or vaginal administration is also contemplated.The cannabis oils can be formulated, for example, as suppositoriescontaining conventional suppository bases such as cocoa butter and otherglycerides as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,508,037 and 4,933,363.Compositions can contain other solidifying agents such as shea butter,beeswax, kokum butter, mango butter, ilipe butter, tamanu butter,carnauba wax, emulsifying wax, soy wax, castor wax, rice bran wax, andcandelila wax. Compositions can further include clays (e.g., Bentonite,French green clays, Fuller's earth, Rhassoul clay, white kaolin clay)and salts (e.g., sea salt, Himalayan pink salt, and magnesium salts suchas Epsom salt).

The compositions set forth herein can be formulated for parenteraladministration by injection, for example, by bolus injection orcontinuous infusion. Formulations for injection can be presented in unitdosage form, for example, in ampoules or in multi-dose containers,optionally with an added preservative. Injectable compositions arepreferably aqueous isotonic solutions or suspensions, and suppositoriesare preferably prepared from fatty emulsions or suspensions. Thecompositions may be sterilized and/or contain adjuvants, such aspreserving, stabilizing, wetting or emulsifying agents, solutionpromoters, salts for regulating the osmotic pressure, buffers, and/orother ingredients. Alternatively, the compositions can be in powder formfor reconstitution with a suitable vehicle, for example, a carrier oil,before use. In addition, the compositions may also contain othertherapeutic agents or substances.

The compositions can be prepared according to conventional mixing,granulating, and/or coating methods, and contain from about 0.1 to about75%, preferably from about 1 to about 50%, of the cannabis oil extract.In general, subjects receiving a cannabis oil composition orally areadministered doses ranging from about 1 to about 2000 mg of cannabisoil. A small dose ranging from about 1 to about 20 mg can typically beadministered orally when treatment is initiated, and the dose can beincreased (e.g., doubled) over a period of days or weeks until themaximum dose is reached.

V. Examples

The following examples are offered to illustrate, but not to limit, theclaimed invention.

Example 1. Compositions Containing Cannabis Oil and Vitamin E

Reference is now made to FIG. 2, which is a graph depicting theviscosities of cannabis oil compositions as a function of vitamin Epercentage in the cannabis oil compositions, according to one or moreembodiments. As indicated in FIG. 2, the viscosities of the cannabis oilcompositions can be measured in centipoise (cP) and the % w/w of vitaminE 121 can be based on the total weight of the cannabis oil composition.

FIG. 2 depicts the results of viscosity experiments conducted by mixingvitamin E 121 of various quantities with the extract 119. In theseexperiments, the total weight of the cannabis oil composition was set atapproximately 25.00 grams. As indicated in Table 2 below, the % w/w ofthe vitamin E 121 ranged from 10% w/w to 50% w/w:

TABLE 2 Amounts of Vitamin E and Extract in Cannabis Oil CompositionUsed in Viscosity Experiments Vitamin E Extract Total cannabis Vitamin EAmount Amount Oil Composition % w/w (grams) (grams) (grams) 10 2.5022.50 25.00 20 5.00 20.00 25.00 30 7.50 17.50 25.00 40 10.00 15.00 25.0050 12.50 12.50 25.00

The purpose of the experiments was to determine a preferred quantity ofvitamin E 121 that will reduce the viscosity of the cannabis oilcomposition yet preserve the gustatory or aromatic qualities of theextract 119. Moreover, the preferred quantity of vitamin E 121 shouldalso provide beneficial reductions in viscosity while also notdisplacing too much of the cannabinoids 107 in the cannabis oilcomposition.

As indicated above, cannabis oil is often highly viscous, making itdifficult to work with and load into new delivery devices such asvaporizers, E-cigarettes, or pens. As will be discussed in more detailbelow, one unexpected benefit of mixing the vitamin E 121 with theextract 119 is reducing the viscosity of the cannabis oil compositionand making the cannabis oil composition conducive for loading or packinginto modern day vaporizers, E-cigarettes, or pens.

The viscosity experiments were conducted using a viscometer. Forexample, the viscometer can be a falling ball viscometer. Morespecifically, the falling ball viscometer can be a PDVdi-120 PortableFalling Ball Viscometer from Stony Brook Scientific™. Each of thecannabis oil compositions were first heated on a hotplate atapproximately 95° C. and mixed with a glass stirring rod. Aliquots ofthe cannabis oil compositions were then transferred into the fallingball viscometer and falling times in seconds were measured at 45.8° C.Results of the viscosity experiments are presented in Table 3 below:

TABLE 3 Falling Times as a Functions of Vitamin E % w/w Viscosity (cP),calculated Vitamin E % w/w Falling Times (s) using Falling Times 10333.1 5868.73 20 272.1 4794.00 30 200.9 3539.56 40 159.3 2806.63 50 83.71474.67

The viscosity of each cannabis oil composition was calculated using theapplicable falling time in Table 3 above and Equation 1 below:

Viscosity (cP)=9.1463 cm² s⁻²*(Needle Density−Approximate FluidDensity)*Falling Time  Equation 1:

In the above Equation 1, Needle Density=2.9263 g*cm⁻³ and ApproximateFluid Density=1.0000 g*cm⁻³. As shown in FIG. 2 and Table 3 above, anincrease in the % w/w of vitamin E 121 by 10% corresponds to anapproximate 1000 cP decrease in the viscosity of the cannabis oilcomposition.

In one preferred embodiment, the cannabis oil composition has aviscosity of less than 3500 cP. In another preferred embodiment, thecannabis oil composition has a viscosity of less than 3000 cP. In yetanother preferred embodiment, the cannabis oil composition has aviscosity of less than 2000 cP.

All cannabis oil compositions were subjected to organoleptic analysisafter addition of vitamin E, including tests designed to ascertain thetaste, smell, and ease of inhaling the cannabis oil compositions. Basedon this organoleptic analysis, it was discovered that vitamin Econcentrations around 30% w/w provide useful viscosity levels whilepreserving the gustatory or aromatic qualities of the extract 119.

Reference is now made to FIG. 3, which is a graph depicting THC and CBDpercentages in cannabis oil compositions made from three strains ofcannabis plant material 103, according to one or more embodiments. Inone embodiment, the cannabis oil composition can be made from cannabisplant material comprising the AC/DC cannabis strain. In anotherembodiment, the cannabis oil composition can be made from cannabis plantmaterial comprising the Blueberry cannabis strain. In yet anotherembodiment, the cannabis oil composition can be made from cannabis plantmaterial comprising the Cannatonic cannabis strain.

The three cannabis strains were selected for their varying levels ofcannabinoids 107. For example, the AC/DC strain was selected torepresent cannabis strains with high levels of CBD and low levels ofTHC. Also, for example, the Blueberry strain was selected to representcannabis strains with high levels of THC and low levels of CBD. Also yetanother example, the Cannatonic strain was selected to representcannabis strains with moderate levels CBD and THC.

As depicted in FIG. 3, cannabis oil compositions of uniform volume weremade with 30% w/w vitamin E 121 mixed with extract 119 produced from theAC/DC, Blueberry, and Cannatonic strains of cannabis plant material 103.These cannabis oil compositions were assayed using HPLC-UV to determinethe level of cannabinoids 107 in each cannabis oil composition. Inaddition, HPLC-UV was also performed on extracts with no vitamin E 121to determine the level of cannabinoids 107 in such extracts.

While the mixing of extract 119 with vitamin E 121 reduced the amount ofcannabinoids detected in the cannabis oil compositions relative to theextracts, 30% w/w of vitamin E 121 was discovered to reduce theviscosity of the cannabis oil compositions made from all three strains.Moreover, organoleptic analysis of each cannabis oil compositionrevealed that 30% w/w of vitamin E 121 also did not have an adverseeffect on the aromatic or gustatory qualities of the extract 119 in thecannabis oil composition.

Example 2. Preparation of Cannabis Oils

Preparation of AC/DC cannabis oil. 2 pounds of cannabis plant material(strain: AC/DC) and 17 L of EtOH were stored for 24 hours at −18° C.prior to extraction. The 2 pounds were split between two colanders,which were placed on top of a collection vessel. 3 L of cold EtOH waspoured evenly over each pound (6 L total) of plant material andcollected in the vessel below. After dripping for about 2 min, theresulting solution was poured over the same plant material and collectedand repeated 3 more times (5 total pours for over each colander). Afterthe final pour, the material was left to drip into the collection vesselfor 20 min. The solution was then filtered through the Chemex filter(˜300 micron) into a collection flask. This combined solution was pouredinto a glass jar with airtight lid and left underneath a plasma lightsource for 15 minutes and then stored at −18° C. for 20 hours (Batch2-1A).

The plant material from the colanders was placed in a 5-gallon bucketand covered with 11 L of cold EtOH and left to sit for 2 hours. Thematerial was filtered through the Chemex filter into a collection flask.This combined solution was poured into a glass jar with airtight lid andleft underneath a plasma light source for 18 hours. Following exposureto light, the solution was stored at −18° C. for 20 hours (Batch 2-1B).

The 2-1A and 2-1B batches were independently filtered while cold througha Buchner funnel with Whatman 150 mm filter paper in place into afiltration flask while under vacuum. The 2-1A batch solution was splitbetween two Megahome distillers. The distillers were turned on and thedistillate was collected in a glass receiving vessel until complete.Upon completion, the oil in the distiller was immediately transferredinto a tared, glass petri dish and placed into the vacuum oven at 46° C.and 27 mbar for 87 hours (the pressure was checked daily and broughtback down to 21-27 mbar as necessary). The 2-1B batch solution was splitbetween three Megahome distillers. The distillers were turned on and thedistillate was collected in a glass receiving vessel until complete.Upon completion, the oil in the distiller was immediately transferredinto a tared, glass petri dish and placed into the vacuum oven at 44° C.and 22 mbar for 120 hours.

Preparation of Prize Kush cannabis oil. 3 pounds of cannabis plantmaterial (strain: Prize Kush) and 21 L of EtOH were stored for 24 hoursat −18° C. prior to extraction. The 3 pounds were split between threecolanders, which were placed on top of a collection vessel. 3 L of coldEtOH was poured evenly over each pound (9 L total) of plant material andcollected in the vessel below. After dripping for about 2 min, theresulting solution was poured over the same plant material and collectedand repeated 4 more times (6 total pours for over each colander). Afterthe final pour, the material was left to drip into the collection vesselfor 20 min. The solution was then filtered through the Chemex filter(˜300 micron) into a collection flask. This combined solution was pouredinto a glass jar with airtight lid and then stored at −18° C. for 20hours (2-2A).

The plant material from the colanders was placed in a 5-gallon bucketand covered with 12 L of cold EtOH and left to sit for 2 hours. Thematerial was filtered through the Chemex filter into a collection flask.This combined solution was poured into a glass jar with airtight lid andleft underneath a plasma light source for 18 hours. Following exposureto light, the solution was stored at −18° C. for 20 hours (2-2B).

The 2-2A and 2-2B batches were independently filtered while cold througha Buchner funnel with Whatman 150 mm filter paper in place into afiltration flask while under vacuum. The 2-2A batch solution was splitbetween two Megahome distillers. The distillers were turned on and thedistillate was collected in a glass receiving vessel until complete.Upon completion, the oil in the distiller was immediately transferredinto a tared, glass petri dish and placed into the vacuum oven at 47° C.and 27 mbar for 72 hours (the pressure was checked daily and broughtback down to 21-27 mbar as necessary). The 2-2B batch solution was splitbetween four Megahome distillers. The distillers were turned on and thedistillate was collected in a glass receiving vessel until complete.Upon completion, the oil in the distiller was immediately transferredinto a tared, glass petri dish and placed into the vacuum oven at 47° C.and 27 mbar for 72 hours.

Preparation of Blueberry cannabis oil. 2 pounds of cannabis plantmaterial (strain: Blueberry) and 14 L of EtOH were stored for 24 hoursat −18° C. prior to extraction. The 2 pounds were split between twocolanders, which were placed on top of a collection vessel. 3 L of coldEtOH was poured evenly over each pound (6 L total) of plant material andcollected in the vessel below. After dripping for about 2 min, theresulting solution was poured over the same plant material and collectedand repeated 4 more times (6 total pours for over each colander). Afterthe final pour, the material was left to drip into the collection vesselfor 20 min. The solution was then filtered through the Chemex filter(˜300 micron) into a collection flask. This combined solution was pouredinto a glass jar with airtight lid and then stored at −18° C. for 20hours (2-A).

The plant material from the colanders was placed in a 5-gallon bucketand covered with 8 L of cold EtOH and left to sit for 2 hours. Thematerial was filtered through the Chemex filter into a collection flask.This combined solution was poured into a glass jar with airtight lid andleft underneath a plasma light source for 18 hours. Following exposureto light, the solution was stored at −18° C. for 20 hours (2-3B).

The A and B batches were independently filtered while cold through aBuchner funnel with Whatman 150 mm filter paper in place into afiltration flask while under vacuum. The 2-A batch solution was splitbetween two Megahome distillers. The distillers were turned on and thedistillate was collected in a glass receiving vessel until complete.Upon completion, the oil in the distiller was immediately transferredinto a tared, glass petri dish and placed into the vacuum oven at 46° C.and 21 mbar for 143 hours (the pressure was checked daily and broughtback down to 21-27 mbar as necessary). The 2-3B batch solution was splitbetween four Megahome distillers. The distillers were turned on and thedistillate was collected in a glass receiving vessel until complete.Upon completion, the oil in the distiller was immediately transferredinto a tared, glass petri dish and placed into the vacuum oven at 47° C.and 27 mbar for 69 hours.

Example 3. Preparation of Cannabis Oils

A first extract (Extract A) is prepared according to the followingprocedure.

Ethanol (EtOH; Alchemical Solutions organic 190 proof neutral grainwheat spirits) and raw cannabis material are stored in at −10° C. for atleast 16 hr, or for other time periods as necessary. In certaininstances, ethanol and raw cannabis material are used at roomtemperature. Three liters of alcohol are typically used for each poundof raw cannabis material.

Cold (or room temperature) raw cannabis material is placed in a tabletopBuchner funnel (18″-36″ diameter; Bel-Art) with perforated, creped whitecellulose filter paper in place. Ethanol-compatible tubing (e.g., TyronTyoprene) is attached to the funnel drain spigot and connected to acollection media bottle. 1-3 lb of raw cannabis material is typicallyused with an 18″ funnel; 2-5 lb of raw cannabis material is typicallyused with a 24″ funnel; and 4-10 lb of cannabis material is typicallyused with a 36″ funnel. 1-5 L (e.g., 3 L) of EtOH per lb of raw cannabismaterial is poured evenly over the raw cannabis material whilecollecting the ethanolic eluate (“menstruum”) in a 2-5 L media bottle.The menstruum is collected and re-poured over the cannabis material 3-6times. Re-pouring is stopped before the menstruum turns fromyellow-toned to green.

If necessary, the menstruum is filtered through a Chemex 300-μm meshstainless steel filter into a Chemex glass flask. The menstruum is thentransferred to a media bottle with screw cap and stored at −10° C. forno less than 18 hr.

A second extract (Extract B) is prepared using the material (“marc”)remaining from the procedure described above. Marc from extract Aremains in the tabletop Buchner funnel, and the funnel spigot is closedto prevent draining. Cold (or room temperature) EtOH is poured over themarc remaining in the Buchner funnel in an amount sufficient tocompletely cover the marc (e.g., 4-5 L per lb). The marc is soaked(“macerated”) for a period of time typically ranging from a few minutesto about 6 hours (e.g., 2 hr). If raw cannabis material is used withoutprior preparation of Extract A, the maceration step is typicallyconducted for less than 1 hr (e.g., less than 15 min). After themaceration step, the funnel valve is opened to separate the marc fromthe menstruum and menstruum is collected in a suitable vessel.

The menstruum is filtered through a Chemex mesh stainless steel filterinto a Chemex glass flask (this step is optional depending upon amountof marc in menstruum after maceration step). The filtered menstruum ispoured from the Chemex flask back into a media bottle with screw cap.

For extract B, menstruum, while still in media bottles, is optionallyexposed to sunlight (˜2 hr) or plasma light (˜8-10 hr). Menstruum issolarized until the nettle green color shifts to yellow brown. Aftersolarization, the media bottle is placed into a freezer for 18-48 hr.

An appropriately sized cellulose filter paper is placed on top of theperforated filter of the table-top Buchner funnel. The vacuum tubing,which is connected to a vacuum, is attached to the Buchner funnel.Menstruum, that is still in the media bottle, is removed from freezer.The filter paper is wetted using EtOH. The vacuum pump is turned on andthe valve is opened to the vacuum pump. Just before the extract ispoured into the funnel, approximately half of an inch of EtOH is pouredinto the funnel quickly followed by the extract.

The filtered menstruum is poured into an evaporation flask (no more than−60% full). A B-491 rotavapor is prepared by turning on the heating bathto around 50° C. (e.g., 20-60° C.) and turning on a F-105 recirculatingchiller with the water temperature set to 5° C.

The evaporation flask is secured to the R-215 rotavapor and the rotationrate of the evaporation flask is set to around 150 rpm (e.g., 30-300rpm). The vacuum gradient is initiated using a V-855 vacuum controller.The vacuum pressure is maintained around 125 mbar (e.g., 50-300 mbar).Once the liquid has stopped condensing, the vacuum is released and therotation of the evaporation flask is slowly stopped.

The resulting oil from the evaporation step is optionally transferred toan appropriately sized round-bottom flask (no more than −40% full) witha magnetic stir bar in the oil for heating. The round-bottom flaskcontaining the evaporated oil/liquid is placed in an OptiTherm reactionblock on an IKA stirring hotplate. A condenser is attached to the top ofthe round-bottom flask and the recirculating chiller is turned on. Oncethe condenser is turned on, stirring and heating is initiated. The oilis heated at around 120° C. (e.g., 60-150° C.) for between 5 min and 24hr (e.g., 1 hr) depending on the temperature of the heating block andthe desired ratio of acidic to neutral cannabinoids.

Prior to optional silica gel filtration, the oil is homogenized in EtOH(or EtOAc or Heptane; 1:2 ratio, i.e. 100 g oil to 200 mL solvent).Around 2 parts silica gel is combined with 1 part oil/EtOH mixture, andthe resulting slurry is concentrated on a rotavapor. A silica gel pad isprepared in an appropriate funnel (6:1 ratio, i.e. 600 g silica to 100 goil), which is positioned on a vacuum flask, and is wetted with EtOH.The homogenized oil (optionally with silica gel) is placed on top of thesilica pad and is pulled using light vacuum until all solution isabsorbed on silica. EtOH is gently poured (1000 mL for 100 g of oil) ontop of the silica gel and is pulled through with vacuum. The filtrate iscollected in a flask and concentrated on the rotavapor at 40° C. bathtemperature and 100 mbar vacuum pressure.

The extract is placed into an Across International Vacuum oven set to46° C./115° F. for no less than 12 hours and no more than 5 days.Alternatively, the extract is transferred to appropriate glass vials foruse with a Buchi multivapor apparatus set to 50-70° C. under reducedpressure between 10-100 mbar for a specified time. Once excess EtOH hasbeen fully evaporated, the extract is organoleptically analyzed fordetermination of complete EtOH removal.

Example 4. Cannabinoid and Terpene Content of Cannabis Oils

The cannabinoid content and terpene content of cannabis oils preparedaccording to the methods of the invention was studied. Cannabinoidcontent was determined using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry(LC-MS), and terpene content was determined using gas chromatographywith flame ionization detection (GC-FTD).

TABLE 4 Neutral cannabinoid content of cannabis oils Cannabinoid contentCannabis (mg cannabinoid per gram oil) Example Strain THC CBD CBG CBN2-1A AC/DC 26.3 642.4 28.8 0.7 2-1B AC/DC 38.4 594.1 28.5 1.2 2-2A PrizeKush 675.6 1.0 38.7 2.5 2-2B Prize Kush 655.6 5.0 32.6 14.9 2-3ABlueberry 790.4 7.8 11.7 8.5  3A AC/DC 26.3 659.8 24.6 0.9  4B Afghan686.6 10.8 30.1 13.4 Goo  5A Blackberry 773.8 10.7 22.5 9.2 Kush  6ABlue Diesel 744.5 26.4 27.7 6.8  7A Buddha 282.1 484.8 17.7 3.1 Passion 8A Cannatonic 366.0 319.9 15.5 18.5  9A Cannatonic 25.8 668.2 18.9 0.310A Cannatonic 186.2 525.1 30.7 2.9 11A Girl Scout 677.2 0.0 59.0 6.3Cookies 12B Harle OG 31.2 659.3 26.1 2.8 13A Harle Tsu 200.4 539.4 34.33.0 14A Harlequin 209.1 569.2 29.9 2.2 14B Harlequin 171.3 511.2 24.86.1 15A Infinite 745.0 11.8 48.4 9.1 Euphoria 16A Medihaze 214.7 493.731.8 3.3 17B Medihaze 217.7 450.2 24.5 5.9 18B Prize Kush 707.8 5.1 34.911.4 19A Sour Kush 737.7 12.4 16.2 5.9 19A Blueberry 639.1 24.2 13.313.5

TABLE 5 Acidic cannabinoid content of cannabis oils Cannabinoid contentCannabis (mg cannabinoid per gram oil) Example Strain THCA CBDA CBGA2-1A AC/DC 0.0 2.6 0.0 2-1B AC/DC 0.0 8.2 0.0 2-2A Prize Kush 0.0 0.00.0 2-2B Prize Kush 0.0 0.0 1.8 2-3A Blueberry 0.0 0.5 0.0  3A AC/DC 0.05.7 0.0  4B Afghan Goo 3.3 0.3 4.4  5A Blackberry Kush 1.9 0.3 2.9  6ABlue Diesel 2.8 0.4 6.6  7A Buddha Passion 0.0 25.6 1.9  8A Cannatonic0.0 2.6 0.8  9A Cannatonic 0.0 0.2 2.3 10A Cannatonic 0.0 1.8 0.0 11AGirl Scout Cookies 0.0 0.0 0.0 12B Harle OG 0.0 9.2 1.6 13A Harle Tsu0.0 45.9 3.8 14A Harlequin 0.0 4.1 1.1 14B Harlequin 0.0 10.5 1.4 15AInfinite Euphoria 0.0 0.0 1.3 16A Medihaze 0.0 1.2 2.6 16B Medihaze 0.010.4 0.0 17B Prize Kush 6.2 0.3 6.6 18A Sour Kush 2.2 0.3 3.0 19ABlueberry 4.4 2.9 4.0

TABLE 6 Terpene content of cannabis oils Terpene content (mg terpene pergram oil) Example β-myrcene linalool α-terpineol β-caryophylleneα-humulene valencene cis-nerolidol 2-1A 0.0 2.0 0.0 8.1 4.3 0.0 2.3 2-1B0.0 1.8 0.0 5.7 2.9 0.0 1.8 2-2A 0.6 0.6 0.0 5.3 1.8 0.0 8.1 2-2B 0.03.2 0.0 4.3 1.7 0.0 0.0 2-3A 0.0 3.4 1.6 9.2 5.2 1.3 5.5  3A 0.0 1.6 0.05.3 2.4 0.0 1.3  4B 0.0 4.0 0.0 2.9 0.0 0.0 0.0  5A 0.0 2.2 0.0 5.4 2.60.0 3.4  6A 0.0 2.9 0.0 10.6 4.4 0.0 3.2  7A 0.0 2.6 0.0 4.7 1.8 0.0 4.0 8A 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0  9A 0.0 1.9 0.0 6.1 3.3 0.0 2.2 10A 0.02.0 0.0 5.3 3.1 0.0 1.9 11A 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.6 1.1 0.0 3.3 12A 0.0 0.0 0.00.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 13A 0.0 2.3 0.0 4.7 2.4 0.0 1.5 14A 0.0 2.1 0.0 4.9 2.20.0 1.7 14B 0.0 1.9 0.0 4.6 2.0 0.0 0.0 15A 0.0 2.5 0.0 4.5 1.8 0.0 2.616A 0.0 1.7 0.0 5.0 2.8 0.0 3.2 16B 0.0 2.1 0.0 2.9 1.5 0.0 0.0 17B 0.03.7 0.0 3.7 1.4 0.0 0.0 18A 0.0 2.4 0.0 8.8 4.4 0.0 5.5 19A 0.0 3.2 0.07.5 4.2 0.0 4.8

TABLE 7 Terpene content of cannabis oils Terpene content (mg terpene pergram oil) caryophyllene other Example oxide guaiol γ-eudesmol β-eudesmolα-eudesmol α-bisabolol terpenoids TOTAL 2-1A 1.3 6.8 1.7 3.8 4.9 10.216.9 62.3 2-1B 3.0 3.9 1.6 3.4 4.7 8.0 6.0 42.6 2-2A 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00.9 1.2 18.6 2-2B 1.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.6 0.0 0.0 13.6 2-3A 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00.0 0.0 14.2 40.4  3A 0.0 6.8 1.7 3.9 4.9 8.3 15.9 52.1  4B 0.0 1.5 0.00.0 4.0 0.0 1.7 14.2  5A 0.0 2.3 0.0 0.0 1.7 0.0 10.4 27.9  6A 0.0 2.20.0 0.0 1.6 0.0 8.7 33.6  7A 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.0 19.2  8A 0.02.1 0.0 0.0 1.4 1.9 4.1 9.4  9A 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.7 0.0 3.2 18.4 10A 0.03.1 0.0 1.4 2.3 2.6 9.8 31.6 11A 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.6 0.0 8.6 12A 0.02.1 0.0 1.5 2.8 0.0 2.1 8.5 13A 0.0 2.3 0.0 0.0 2.0 2.4 7.6 25.1 14A 0.03.2 0.0 1.6 1.9 2.5 9.5 29.6 14B 1.8 2.4 0.0 0.0 3.2 2.5 4.1 22.5 15A0.0 2.5 0.0 0.0 2.3 0.0 6.4 22.6 16A 0.0 2.3 0.0 0.0 2.1 1.7 8.6 27.416B 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.9 0.0 1.5 11.9 17B 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.1 0.0 0.010.9 18A 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.2 7.8 31.0 19A 1.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.5 0.08.9 31.8

Example 5. Activation of Cannabinoid Receptors by Cannabis Oils of theInvention

Activation of cannabinoid receptors CNR1 (also known as CB1) and CNR2(also known as CB2) by cannabis oils of the invention was characterizedusing a β-arrestin GPCR assay (PathHunter®, DiscoverRX) specific foreither receptor. The assay is a cell-based functional assay thatquantitatively measures GPCR activation through β-arrestin recruitmentto activated GPCRs. GPCR activity is monitored by detecting theinteraction of β-arrestin with the activated GPCR using β-galactosidase(0-gal) enzyme fragment complementation. Aspects of the assay aredescribed, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,342,345; 7,135,325; and8,101,373. Activation of CNR1 and CNR2 by cannabis oils preparedaccording to the methods was observed using the β-arrestin assay, assummarized in Table 8 below.

Activation of CNR1 and CNR2 is accompanied by the release of secondmessenger signaling molecules including cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP). CNR1 activation and CNR2 activation by cannabis oils of theinvention were characterized using a cAMP competitive inhibitionimmunoassay (HitHunter®, DiscoverRX). In the assay, a fragmentβ-galactosidase (β-gal) enzyme donor (ED) is conjugated with cAMP, whichcompetes with cellular cAMP (resulting from GPCR activation) for bindingto an anti-cAMP antibody. When GPCR activation results in high levels ofcellular cAMP, the anti-cAMP antibody becomes saturated allowing for theED-cAMP complex to complement with the β-gal acceptor (EA). The complexforms an active enzyme that hydrolyzes a substrate to produce achemiluminescent signal that is directly proportional to the amount ofcAMP in the cells. Aspects of the assay are described, for example, inU.S. Pat. Nos. 4,708,929; 4,956,274; 5,244,785; 5,444,161; 5,604,091;and 5,643,734. Activation of CNR1 and CNR2 by cannabis oils preparedaccording to the methods was observed using the cAMP assay, assummarized in Table 8 below.

TABLE 8 GPCR Activation Activity of Cannabis Oils Determined byCell-Based Assays CNR1 CNR2 cAMP β-Arrestin cAMP β-Arrestin EC50 EC50EC50 EC50 Example Strain (μM) (μM) (μM) (μM) THC Control 0.00102 3.050.279 >16.7 11-OH- Control 0.0108 >16.7 0.571 >16.7 THC CBDControl >16.7 >16.7 >16.7 >16.7 2-1A AC/DC 0.117 >16.7 >16.7 >16.7 2-1BAC/DC 0.0791 >16.7 >16.7 >16.7 2-2A Prize Kush 0.00661 >16.7 0.245 >16.72-2B Prize Kush 0.00572 >16.7 0.199 >16.7 2-3A Blueberry 0.00311 >16.70.252 >16.7  3A AC/DC 0.159 >16.7 >16.7 >16.7  4B Afghan Goo0.00453 >16.7 0.193 >16.7  5A Blackberry 0.00459 1.63 0.308 >16.7 Kush 6A Blue Diesel 0.00527 >16.7 0.277 >16.7  7A Buddha0.0114 >16.7 >16.7 >16.7 Passion  8A Cannatonic 0.0111 >16.7 >16.7 >16.7 9A Cannatonic 0.0133 >16.7 >16.7 >16.7 10A Cannatonic0.0107 >16.7 >16.7 >16.7 11A Girl Scout 0.00582 >16.7 0.190 >16.7Cookies 12A Harle OG 0.0902 >16.7 >16.7 >16.7 13A Harle Tsu0.208 >16.7 >16.7 >16.7 14A Harlequin 0.0245 >16.7 >16.7 >16.7 14BHarlequin 0.0211 >16.7 >16.7 >16.7 15A Infinite 0.00725 >16.70.160 >16.7 Euphoria 16A Medihaze 0.0202 >16.7 >16.7 >16.7 16B Medihaze0.0248 >16.7 >16.7 >16.7 17B Prize Kush 0.00405 >16.7 0.340 >16.7 18ASour Kush 0.00374 >16.7 0.185 >16.7 19A Blueberry 0.00176 6.76 0.504>16.7

A number of embodiments have been described. Nevertheless, it will beunderstood that various modifications may be made without departing fromthe spirit and scope of the claimed invention. The flowcharts depictedin the figures do not require the particular order shown, or sequentialorder, to achieve desirable results. In addition, other steps may beprovided, or steps may be eliminated, from the described flows, andother components may be added to, or removed from, the describedcomposition. Accordingly, other embodiments are within the scope of thefollowing claims.

It may be appreciated that the various method steps may be performed inany order. The steps may also be merged with each other, may performoverlapping functions, or may be coupled with other steps not shown tobe connected in the figures. Accordingly, the specification, thedrawings, or a combination thereof may be regarded in an illustrativerather than a restrictive sense.

Although the foregoing invention has been described in some detail byway of illustration and example for purposes of clarity ofunderstanding, one of skill in the art will appreciate that certainchanges and modifications may be practiced within the scope of theappended claims. In addition, each reference provided herein isincorporated by reference in its entirety to the same extent as if eachreference was individually incorporated by reference.

1-27. (canceled)
 28. A formulation comprising a cannabis oil extract,α-tocopherol, one or more essential oils, and one or more carrier oils.29. The formulation of claim 28, wherein the carrier oils are selectedfrom the group consisting of almond oil, aloe vera oil, apricot kerneloil, avocado oil, argan oil, calendula oil, carrot seed oil, castor oil,coconut oil, evening primrose oil, fish oil, algae oil, krill oil,flaxseed oil, grape seed oil, hazelnut oil, hemp seed oil, jojoba oil,macadamia oil, olive oil, raspberry seed oil, sesame oil, sunflower oil,walnut oil, and wheatgerm oil.
 30. The formulation of claim 28, whereinthe essential oils are selected from the group consisting of bergamotessential oil, blood orange essential oil, calendula essential oil,helichrysum essential oil, lavender essential oil, lemon essential oil,lemongrass essential oil, neroli essential oil, peppermint essentialoil, spearmint essential oil, sweet orange essential oil, turmericessential oil, and vanilla essential oil.
 31. The formulation of claim28, wherein the quantity of the α-tocopherol is up to about 30% w/wbased on the total weight of the formulation.
 32. The formulation ofclaim 28, which is formulated as a cream, ointment, spray, lotion, ordeodorant.
 33. The formulation of claim 28, further comprising sheabutter, beeswax, kokum butter, mango butter, ilipe butter, tamanubutter, carnauba wax, emulsifying wax, soy wax, castor wax, rice branwax, candelila wax, a clay, a salt, or a combination thereof.